適用於無線感測平台量化評估之訊號仿真器｜國立清華大學博碩士論文庫

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研究生：	楊昇曄 Sheng-Ye Yang
論文名稱：	適用於無線感測平台量化評估之訊號仿真器 Signal Emulator for Quantitative Evaluation of Wireless Sensor Platforms
指導教授：	許雅三 Yarsun Hsu 周百祥 Pai H. Chou
口試委員:
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	電機資訊學院 - 電機工程學系 Department of Electrical Engineering
論文出版年：	2008
畢業學年度：	96
語文別：	英文
論文頁數：	85
中文關鍵詞：	量化評估、訊號仿真器
外文關鍵詞：	Quantitative Evaluation, Signal Emulator
相關次數：	點閱：2 下載：0
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隨著無線感測網路 (WSN) 的發展，越來越多不同類型的無線感測平台被提出，然而卻沒有相對應量化評估這些感測平台的方法以及指標。感測結果的準確度對於無線感測網路的發展人員來說是一項重要的考量，但現存的無線感測網路解決方案大多是針對無線傳輸能力以及自我組織網路 (Ad hoc networks) 的最佳化，反而較少注意到量測信號的品質以及精準度。

我們相信，要使無線感測網路能夠真正落實到商業以及生活應用層面，並且使得開發人員能夠正確的選擇適合他們應用的無線感測平台，必須要有一套能夠量化評估這些感測平台的方法。在本論文中，我們提出了一種系統層面的量化評估方式以及一些評估的指標。藉由此方法可以直接得到整個系統的表現，而非只能間接參考個別元件的效能資訊。

為了達到量測時輸入信號的可控制性以及可重製性，我們設計了一套信號仿真器 (Signal Emulator)，並且撰寫了相對應的軟體以及韌體。量測結果與專業儀器比較顯示此信號仿真器具有一定的準確度，用於感測平台之資料正確性以及取樣時間誤差的評估上，得到與專業儀器相近、具有參考價值的結果。此結果可幫助開發人員評估該無線感測平台是否符合應用需求。

雖然這只是一個初步的構想以及實驗結果，實際上或許有更多不同的方法存在，也還有許多不同的指標可以探討 (例如通訊能力、能源消耗)，但是我們相信這是邁向一個系統化、具有參考價值之評價基準的第一步。以此為基礎，希望將來能整合更多不同的硬體，達成更多不同的量測，使得無線感測平台的評估能夠更完整、更有意義。

Many wireless sensor platforms have been built to date, but few metrics or benchmark suite exist for their quantitative evaluation. Sensing accuracy is an important issue for developers of WSN applications. However, many existing solutions for WSN applications are optimized for ad hoc network research while paying little or no attention to the sensing aspect.
We believe that in order for wireless sensor networks to become a commercially successful field, and for WSN developers to choose their right solutions, the sensor platforms must be evaluated by quantifiable metrics. In this thesis a system-level evaluation method and some metrics are proposed. With this approach, users can obtain the system performance rather than resorting to data sheets of components. A signal emulator is designed to address the issue of data controllability and reproducibility. The experiment results compared with gold-reference instruments show that the signal emulator help users obtain reasonable and meaningful evaluation results with the proposed evaluation methodology. This is a first step towards a systematic evaluation for existing sensor platforms. Based on this signal emulator, more functions can be integrated into the evaluation instrument and the evaluation for sensor platforms can be more complete and meaningful.

Chapter 1 Introduction    1
Chapter 2 Background and Related Work    3
1 Evaluation Metrics for Sensing Devices    3
2 Component-Level Analysis    5
3 System-Level Metrics    6
4 Benchmarking    8
5 Signal Emulator 9
Chapter 3 Design Concepts    12
1 System Architecture of Wireless Sensor Nodes    12
1.1 Microcontroller    12
1.2 Sensing/Actuating Devices    13
1.3 Radio    15
1.4 Power Supply    16
2 Key Idea for Signal Emulation    16
3 Applications    20
3.1 Evaluation of Sensing Devices    20
3.2 Environment Signals Emulation    21
Chapter 4 System Design and Evaluation    24
1 Signal Emulator Design    24
1.1 Microcontroller    24
1.2 Digital-to-Analog Converter and Voltage Reference IC    28
1.3 Communication Interface    31
1.4 Data Storage 34
2 Software Design    35
2.1 EMU_Main() and HOST_Main() Function    36
2.2 HOST_RS232() Function    38
2.3 EMU_Fixed() and HOST_Fixed() Function    38
2.4 EMU_Sawtooth() and HOST_Sawtooth Function    40
2.5 EMU_Triangular() and HOST_Triangular Function    41
2.6 EMU_MMC() Function    43
2.7 EMU_File() and HOST_File Function    43
2.8 HOST_DataProcess() Function    44
3 Evaluation of Signal Emulator    46
Chapter 5 Evaluation Methodology    56
1 A-to-D Conversion Accuracy    56
2 Timing Accuracy    60
3 Overall Performance Evaluation    63
Chapter 6 Experimental Results    66
1 Experimental Setup    66
1.1 WSN Platform Under Evaluation    66
1.2 Measurement Setup    67
2 Experiment Result    68
2.1 Conversion Accuracy    68
2.2 Timing Accuracy    76
3 Analysis    78
Chapter 7 Conclusion and Future Work    80
Bibliography    82

                                

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