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研究生: 王守學
Wang, Shou-Hsueh
論文名稱: 數位影像相關法位移量測誤差之探討
Investigation of Displacement Measurement Error of Digital Image Correlation Method
指導教授: 王偉中
WANG, WEI-CHUNG
口試委員: 蔣長榮
CHIANG, CHUN-RON
陳元方
CHEN, YUAN-FANG
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 工學院 - 動力機械工程學系
Department of Power Mechanical Engineering
論文出版年: 2018
畢業學年度: 106
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 143
中文關鍵詞: 數位影像相關法位移量測誤差光場相機三維數位影像相關法位移量測修正
外文關鍵詞: Digital Image Correlation Method, Displacement Measurement Error, Light Field Camera, Three-Dimensional Digital Image Correlation Displacement Measurement Correction
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  • 本研究應用數位影像相關(Digital Image Correlation, DIC)法系統拍攝階高試件,經由分析軟體計算後得知DIC系統量測精度資訊,並針對造成系統量測誤差之因素進行探討。

    本研究探討使用3D-DIC法於量測平面內位移時,因左右相機視角的不同而造成面內位移伴隨產生面外位移之現象,並建立理論模型修正面內位移的誤差。本研究亦探討不同對焦平面對修正模型的影響,以及使用修正模型於應用光場(Light Field, LF)相機於3D-DIC法的可能性。

    本研究最後探討使用LF相機的DIC系統(LF-DIC)以及使用CCD相機的DIC系統(CCD-DIC)之間的差異,並使用修正模型修正3D-DIC法之量測結果,將LF-DIC與CCD-DIC的量測結果互相比對並討論不同對焦面對DIC法量測準確度的影響。本研究嘗試以LF相機取代現有商品化DIC系統使用之CCD相機,並整合本研究所提出的修正模型而成為創新的DIC系統,以提高DIC系統量測精度。


    In this research, a Digital Image Correlation (DIC) method was used to capture the test specimens. Displacement was obtained by software calculation, and the factors that caused the displacement measurement error were discussed.

    This research investigated the use of 3D-DIC method to measure the in-plane displacement, due to the difference of the left and right camera angles resulting in in-plane displacement associated with out-of-plane displacement, and to establish a theoretical model to correct in-plane displacement error. This research also discusses the influence of different focusing planes on the correction model, and the possibility of using a correction model to apply the Light Field (LF) camera to the 3D-DIC method.

    In this research, the displacement measurement error between the DIC system using LF camera (LF-DIC) and the DIC system using CCD camera (CCD-DIC) was discussed. The correction model was used to modify the measurement results of the 3D-DIC method. The measurement results of LF-DIC and CCD-DIC are compared with each other and the influence of the DIC measurement accuracy of different focusing planes was discussed.

    To improve the measurement accuracy of the DIC system, this research attempted to replace the CCD camera used in the commercial DIC system with an LF camera and integrated the correction model into an innovative DIC system, trying to establish a novel optical measurement system.

    一、簡介 1 二、文獻回顧 5 2.1 數位影像相關法 5 2.2 光場相機 8 三、實驗原理 11 3.1 數位影像相關法 11 3.1.1 變形與位移 12 3.1.2 相關函數 13 3.1.3 數值方法 15 3.1.4 影像重建 23 3.1.5 三維影像相關法相機模型 27 3.1.6 影像校正 31 3.2 光場相機成像原理 33 3.2.1 光場函數 34 3.2.2 基於微透鏡陣列的光場成像原理 34 3.2.3 二維感測器的影像成像機 36 3.2.4 光場的重新對焦原理 37 3.2.5光場的變焦原理 39 四、實驗裝置與試片 41 4.1 實驗裝置 41 4.2 三階高階梯試件 43 五、實驗程序 45 5.1 相機校正程序 45 5.2 三角量測階高差實驗程序 46 5.3 2D-DIC法實驗程序 47 5.4 3D-DIC法實驗程序 48 5.5 剛體平移實驗程序 49 5.5.1 CCD-DIC(3D)平面內位移修正實驗 49 5.5.2 LF-DIC(3D)剛體平移實驗 49 六、結果與討論 50 6.1 三角量測階高差實驗結果 50 6.2 CCD-DIC(3D)剛體平移實驗結果 51 6.3 CCD-DIC(3D)平面外位移之量測 51 6.4 CCD-DIC(3D)平面內位移之修正 52 6.5 不同對焦平面對修正模型之影響 55 6.6 LF-DIC(3D)系統平面內位移之修正 55 6.7 CCD-DIC(2D)與LF-DIC(2D)之比較 56 6.7.1 CCD-DIC(2D)之實驗結果 56 6.7.2 LF-DIC(2D)之實驗結果 57 6.8 CCD-DIC(3D)與LF-DIC(3D)之比較 58 6.8.1 CCD-DIC(3D)之實驗結果 58 6.8.2 LF-DIC(3D)之實驗結果 60 七、結論與未來展望 62 7.1 結論 62 7.2 未來展望 66 八、參考文獻 69

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