多極式充磁製程具有製程時間短及誤差高重現度之優勢；然而，此製程尚無法為以此製程充製之磁性編碼器提供一參考原點，為達誤差補償之目的，原點訊號必需開發。
磁性編碼器之參考點一般透過廠商於使用者指定位置充製原點，此方式使編碼器為訂製產品，導致時間成本的增加；為降低磁性編碼器之製造時間，必需開發使用者自行設置原點之方法。
本研究提出三種方法建立磁性編碼器之原點訊號。其中，多極式充磁製程使用兩種方法，即局部電流改變方法及局部幾何改變方法，在製程階段即充製原點；局部電流改變方法透過更改多極式充磁頭其中一極之電流大小，使磁記錄媒介原點充磁處提供較大之磁通密度量值；局部幾何改變方法透過更改多極式充磁頭其中一極之幾何形狀，使磁記錄媒介原點充磁處提供不同特徵之場形。第三種方法為參考點自行設置方法，是透過永久磁鐵對已充磁之磁記錄媒介進行額外充磁，此方法同樣提供不同特徵之場形。針對以上方法所提供之場形開發的原點訊號，在線性馬達以0.1 mm/s的速度量測達到 之原點誤差，其中，局部幾何改變方法及參考點自行設置方法不影響定位精度，局部電流改變方法則會使定位精度產生影響。

The multi-pole magnetization process has the advantages of fast manufacturing and high reproducibility of the positioning accuracy. However, this process is not yet allowable to produce a reference mark that is crucial for achieving error compensation of the motion stage installed with this type of magnetic encoders.
Generally, the reference mark is applied by the manufacturer at the position specified by the customer. This makes the magnetic encoder a customized product, which in turn increases the time cost. To lower the manufacturing time of a magnetic encoder, a method for the user to directly apply the reference mark must be developed.
This study proposed three methods to establish the reference mark on the magnetic encoder. The first two methods, i.e., local current change method and local geometry change method, establish reference mark during multi-pole magnetization process. The local current change method makes one of the windings with larger current than the others, which results in the position where reference mark magnetized with greater flux density. The local geometry change method produces one of the poles of the magnetizing head with different geometry from the others, which causes the position with magnetized reference mark to provide different field profile. The third method, called self-setting zero reference method, magnetizes the incremental magnetic scale with permanent magnet additionally. This creates a different field profile. The zero reference signals are then developed with those field profile. For each method, the zero reference error is within the range of with the linear motor measuring at the velocity of 0.1 mm/s. Moreover, the positioning accuracy is not affected by the methods of local geometry changed method and self-setting zero reference method while local current changed method affects the positioning accuracy.

[1] 工具機與零組件雜誌，2020年1-12月工具機進出口分析(2021)。
檢自：https://www.maonline.com.tw/market_inside.php?i=243
[2] 臺灣機械工業同業公會，2021年1~9月台灣工具機產業現況報導(2021)。
檢自：http://www.tami.org.tw/market/taiwan_mt_2021_09.html
[3] 經濟部工業局2015-2017工具機暨零組件產業專業人才需求調查。
檢自：http://hrd.college.itri.org.tw/ITSD/download_paget.aspx
[4] K. Miyashita, T. Takahashi, and M. Yamanaka (1987). Features of a magnetic rotary encoder. IEEE Trans. Magn., Vol. 23, 2182-2184.
[5] D. Domajnko and D. Križ aj (2018). Lagging-Domain Model for Compensation of Hysteresis of xMR Sensors in Positioning Applications. Sensor, Vol. 18(7), 2281.
[6] SINOWON, Precision linear scale. Retrieved from: https://www.sinowon.com/precision-linear-scales
[7] David K. Cheng (1994). Fundamentals of Engineering Electromagnetics. Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc.
[8] Pill-Soo Kim, Yong Kim and Nam-Hyuk Yim (2000). Exact parameter estimation of impulse magnetizer and, thermal analysis under this parameter. Paper presented at the Third International Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference, Beijing, China.
[9] M-Pulse, M-Pulse Magnetizer. Retrieved from: https://m-pulse.eu/en/products/magnetizing-technologies/magnetizer/
[10] 東洋磁器工業株式會社。檢自：https://www.magnix.com/
[11] T. Mikoshiba and K. Yamasawa (1996). A new non-repeated code type magnetic scale using a simple absolute head. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, Vol. 32(5), 4938-4940.
[12] Harold Fredricksen and James Maiorana (1978). Necklaces of beads in k colors and k-ary de Bruijn sequences. Discrete Mathematics, Vol. 23(3), 207-210.
[13] J. C. Mallinson (1976). Tutorial review of magnetic recording. Proceedings of the IEEE, Vol. 64(2), 196-208.
[14] F. Jeffers (1986). High-density magnetic recording heads. Proceedings of the IEEE, Vol. 74(11), 1540-1556.
[15] T. Nakata and N. Takahashi (1986). Numerical analysis of transient magnetic field in a capacitor-discharge impulse magnetizer. IEEE Trans. Magn., Vol. 22(5), 526-528.
[16] Y. J. Luo, E. T. Hwang, and S. M. Huang (1993). Multi-pole magnetization of high resolution magnetic encoder. Paper presented at the Proceedings of EEIC/ICWA Exposition, Chicago, IL, USA.
[17] Y. Kikuchi, T. Yoneda, Y. Kataoka, K. Shiotani, H. Wakiwaka, and H. Yamada (2000). Considerations of output voltage waveform on magnetic linear encoder for artificial heart using linear pulse motor. Sens. Actuator A Phys, Vol. 81(1), 309-312.
[18] N. Takahashi (2001). 3D analysis of magnetization distribution magnetized by capacitor-discharge impulse magnetizer. J. Mater. Process. Technol., Vol. 108(2), 241-245.
[19] 邱國基(2006)。多極磁性元件之設計與製作在高精密定位系統之應用。國立交通大學光電工程研究所博士論文。臺灣碩博士論文知識加值系統。
[20] 歐陽遠聲 (2014)。高解析度磁儲媒介設計與製作。國立清華大學動力機械工程學系碩士論文，新竹市。
[21] 蕭恆昇 (2014)。增量式量測系統參考標記之研發。國立清華大學動力機械工程學系碩士論文，新竹市。
[22] 劉又禎 (2015)。磁性充磁與編碼技術開發於動態偏轉檢測之應用。國立清華大學動力機械工程學系碩士論文，新竹市。
[23] 林政逸 (2016)。發展一兩列錯位式編碼之線性精密絕對位置量測系統。國立清華大學動力機械工程學系碩士論文，新竹市。
[24] 張哲綱 (2020)。多極式充磁頭用於製作高解析度與高精度磁性尺之可行性研究。國立清華大學動力機械工程學系碩士論文，新竹市。
[25] 吳惇哲 (2021)。磁性編碼器諧波雜訊之分析與排除。國立清華大學動力機械工程學系碩士論文，新竹市。
[26] 田跃、和文国、李彥林、黃筱玲 (2000)。零脉冲高分辨率磁编码器的研制。北京科技大學學報，第22卷，第三期。
[27] J. Novak, and B. Cvetkovic (2013). Magnetic encoder scale and reference mark applicator and template. United States Patent No. 8,405,387. Washington, DC: US Patent and Trademark Office.
[28] 金重勳(2002)。磁性技術手冊。新竹市：中華民國磁性技術協會。
[29] B. D. Cullity (1972). Introduction to magnetic materials. Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc.
[30] A. Renuka Balakrishna and R. D. James (2021). A tool to predict coercivity in magnetic materials. Acta Materialia, Vol. 208, 116697.
[31] W. Thomson (1857). On the electro-dynamic qualities of metals: Effects of magnetization on the electric conductivity of nickel and iron. Proc. Roy. Soc., Vol. 8, 546-550.
[32] T. McGuire and R. Potter (1975). Anisotropic magnetoresistance in ferromagnetic 3d alloys. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, Vol. 11(4), 1018-1038.
[33] P. Grünberg, R. Schreiber, Y. Pang, M. B. Brodsky and H. Sowers (1986). Layered magnetic structures: Evidence for antiferromagnetic coupling of Fe layers across Cr interlayers. Physical review letters, Vol.57(19), 2442-2445.
[34] W. H. Butler, X. G. Zhang, D. M. C. Nicholson and J. M. MacLaren (1995). Spin-dependent scattering and giant magnetoresistance. J. Magn. Magn., Vol.151(3), 354-362.
[35] W. H. Meiklejohn and C. P. Bean (1957). New magnetic anisotropy. Physical Review, Vol.105(3), 904-913.
[36] R. Coehoorn (2000). Magnetic Multilayers and Giant Magnetoresistance. In U. Hartmann (Ed.), Giant Magnetoresistance in Exchange-Biased Spin-Valve Layered Structures and its Application in Read Heads (65-127), Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.
[37] HIWIN MIKROSYSTEM, Retrieved from: https://www.hiwinmikro.tw/
[38] Renishaw, Retrieved from: https://www.renishaw.com.tw/
[39] Texas Instrument, Retrieved from: https://www.ti.com/
[40] National Instrument, Retrieved from: https://www.ni.com/
[41] Arduino, Retrieved from: https://www.arduino.cc/