本研究旨在探討國小高年級兒童的依附關係、樂觀與生活適應之關係。本調查研究以苗栗縣國小高年級學童404名為研究對象，並選用「父母依附行為量表」、「兒童解釋形態量表」和「兒童生活適應量表」為研究工具。所得資料經平均數、標準差、單因子變異數分析、單因子多變量變異數分析、典型相關與多元迴歸分析等方法加以分析，茲將研究所得結果歸納如下：

一、國小高年級兒童依附關係、樂觀及生活適應之現況良好。
二、國小高年級兒童的父、母依附關係因性別而有所差異。
三、國小高年級兒童的樂觀因性別而有所差異。
四、國小高年級兒童的生活適應因性別而有所差異，但差異性不大。
五、國小高年級兒童的依附關係與樂觀有顯著正相關。
六、國小高年級兒童的依附關係與生活適應有顯著正相關。
七、國小高年級兒童的樂觀與生活適應有顯著正相關。
八、國小高年級兒童依附關係、樂觀能有效預測生活適應。

This thesis was mainly to explore the life adjustment of the upper elementary school children with attachment relationship and optimism. The subjects of the study were 404 students in the upper elementary school in Maioli City . The data of the study were collected by questionaine survey；the studey tools included Parents Attachment Conduct Scale, Children's Attributional Style Questionnaire and Life Adjustment Scale. The data were analyzed by using mean, standard deviation, one-way ANOVA, one-way MANOVA, canonical correlation and stepwise multiple regression. The results of the study are now as follows:

1. The attachment relationship, optimism, and life adjustment of the upper elementary school children were in good condition.
2. There was significant difference in the parents attachment of the upper elementary school children of different genders.
3. There was significant difference in the optimism of the upper elementary school children of different genders.
4. There was difference in the life adjustment of the upper elementary school children of different genders, though the correlation was weak.
5. The relevance between attachment relationship and optimism of the upper elementary school children and their life adjustment was significant.
6. The relevance between attachment relationship and life adjustment of the upper elementary school children was significant
7. The relevance between optimism and life adjustment of the upper elementary school children was significant.
8. Life adjustment could be predicted according to the concept of attachment relationship and optimism of the upper elementary school children.

According to the findings, the study made suggestions to be referred to the studies and the educational counseling in the future.

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