台北捷運甕自動收費系統驗票閘門之性能測試

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研究生：	陳連成 Lien-Chang CHEN
論文名稱：	台北捷運甕自動收費系統驗票閘門之性能測試 Gate Performance Testing in the Automatic Fare Collection of Taipei Rapid Transit System
指導教授：	洪英輝 DR. YING-HUEI HUNG, PROFESSOR
口試委員:
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	工學院 - 動力機械工程學系 Department of Power Mechanical Engineering
論文出版年：	2000
畢業學年度：	88
語文別：	中文
中文關鍵詞：	台北、驗票、閘門
外文關鍵詞：	Taipei, Validator, Gate
相關次數：	點閱：2 下載：0
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摘要
一個精密量測台北捷運自動收費系統驗票閘門之性能的實驗方法已經完整且成功的建立。有關驗票閘門在不同的性能變數情況下的測試都完整的實驗測試。這些性能變數包含了驗票閘門的模態，控制的方式，驗票閘門的種類，讀票模組（Ticket Transport）的形式，在維修模式下的維修碼，車票的品質。除此之外，有關這驗票閘門模態所相對應的硬體動作模式如初值化模式，服務模式，運作模式，維修模式，暫停服務模式有更仔細深入的探討。這些介於控制模組（UTM Board）與讀票模組（Ticket Transport）之間的資料傳輸和所對應的最終狀態訊息藉由硬體動作模式和通訊協定的結構其傳輸物理特性及意義也被詮釋。在完成所有介於控制模組（UTM Board）與讀票模組（Ticket Transport）之間的通訊協定結構分析與訊息詮釋後，最後有關於驗票閘門的各種不同運作模式如初值化模式，服務模式，運作模式，維修模式，暫停服務模式的處理邏輯流程圖被建立。

ABSTRACT
An experimental setup with stringent measurement methods for evaluating the Gate Performance of the Automatic Fare Collection in Taipei Rapid Transit System has been successfully established. The gate performance under different parametric testing conditions has experimentally been studied. The parameters varied in the study are the type of testing mode, control method, gate type, ticket transport type, test number for the maintenance mode and ticket quality. In addition, the hardware responses at different testing modes of ticket transports, such as the system initialization, service, operation, maintenance and out-of-service modes, have been explored. According to the hardware response, data flow characteristics and the corresponding FSM, the physical significance of the communication protocol structures exchanged between the ticket transport and the UTM Board has also been interpreted. After completing all the structure analysis and interpretations of the communication protocol between the UTM Board and the ticket transport under different testing models, the logical minds for various testing modes such as the system initialization, service, operation, maintenance and out-of-order modes have finally been established.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
                                                                                                                             Page

ABSTRACT                                                                                                              i

ACKOWLEDGEMENTS                                                                                       ii

LIST OF TABLES                                                                                                vii

LIST OF FIGURES                                                                                               viii

LIST OF ABREVIATIONS                                                                                  x

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND                                         1

1.1 RATIONALE                                                                                                 1

1.2 REVIEW OF AFC SYSTEM AND FARE MEDIA                               1

1.2.1 Electronic Fare Collection System                                                       2

1.2.2 Fare Media Used in AFC System                                                   2

1.2.3 Types of Fare Media in the Famous Systems in USA                        5

1.3 RESERRCH OBJECTIVES                                                                       11

1.4 THESIS ORGANIZATION                                                                       12

CHAPTER 2 AUTOMATIC FARE COLLECTION SYSTEM

IN TRTS                                                                                               15

2.1 CENTRAL PROCESSOR SYSTEM                                                  16

2.2 STATION PROCESSOR SYSTEM                                                  17

2.2.1 Operation Parameters                                                                    17

2.2.2 Station Operation                                                                               18

2.2.3 Manual Controls                                                                                 19

2.3 CGA COUPLER PCB                                                                           20

2.4 PASSENGER AGENT MACHINE                                                   21

2.5 AUTOMATIC TICKET ISSUE MACHINE                                            22

TABLE OF CONTENTS (cont’d)

                     Page

2.6 GATE ARRAY SATEM                                                                          22

2.6.1 Entry Gate                                                                                      23

2.6.2 Exit Gate                                                                                               23

2.6.3 Reversible Gate                                                                                 23

2.6.4 Flush Gate                                                                                      24

2.6.5 Handicapped Gate                                                                                24

2.7 GATE SIUB-ASSEMBLE                                                                        25

2.7.1 Description of Ticket Transport                                                         26

2.7.2 UTM Board                                                                                       28

2.7.3 Software Organization of the GATE                                               29

2.8 DESCRIPTION OF MAGNETIC STRIPE TICKET                             32

2.9 PROTOCOL OF HIGH-LEVEL DATA LINK CONTROL                  34

2.9.1 ISO EIA 232 Protocol                                                                    34

2.9.2 High-level Data Link Control (HDLC) Protocol                            35

CHAPTER 3 THE EXPERIMENTS                                                                     57

3.1 CONFIGURATION OF EXPERIMENTAL

GATE ARRAY SYSTEM                                                                     57

3.2 EXPERIMENTAL SETUP AND INSTRUMENTATION                    58

3.3 DATA ACQUISITION AND CONTROL                                              60

3.4 EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE                                                            61

3.5 DATA ANALYSIS                                                                                     62

TABLE OF CONTENTS (cont’d)

                                                                                                                     Page

CHAPTER 4 RESULTS AND DISSCUSSION                                                     73

4.1 HARDWARE RESPONSES AT DIFFERENT

TESTING MODES                                                                                         73

4.1.1 System Initial Mode                                                                     74

4.1.2 Service Mode                                                                                    75

4.1.3 Operation Mode                                                                                  76

4.1.4 Maintenance Mode                                                                                78

4.1.5 Out-of-Service Mode                                                                     78

4.2 INTERPRETATION OF ADLC PROTOCOL STRUCTURE                 78

4.2.1 Physical Layer                                                                          80

4.2.2 Data Link Layer                                                                                 80

4.2.3 Application Layer                                                                               83

4.3 LOGICAL MINDS OF MODES                                                            91

4.4 INTERPRETATION OF APPLICATIONS-LAYER

INFORMATION                                                                                   92

4.4.1 System Initialization Mode                                                              92

4.4.2 Operation Mode                                                                          95

4.4.3 Maintenance Mode                                                                                97

CHAPTER 5 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMANDATIONS                     109

    5.1 CONCLUSIONS                                                                                   109

5.2 RECOMMANDATIONS                                                                   110

TABLE OF CONTENTS (cont’d)

                                                                                                                             Page

REFERENCES                                                                                                    111

APPENDIX  A  CONFIGURATION OF HP-54602B OSCILLOSCOE   112

APPENDIX  B  SOURCE CODE LISTING                                                      114

APPENDIX  C  FARE TABLE                                                                       118

APPENDIX  D  EMPLOYEE ID AND BLACKLISTS                                       119

APPENDIX  E  TICKET-PROESSING PROGRAM                                         120

APPENDIX  F  INITIALIZATION MODE                                                      122

APPENDIX  G  SEVICE AND OPERATION MODE                                        123

APPENDIX  H  MAINTENANCE MODE                                                         124

REFERENCES
Alan, H. Foster, A. H., 1992, ”Automatic Fare Collection - A Survey of Ten Transit Systems,” Report of Metropolitan Transportation Authority, New York, October.
CGA-HBS, 1991a, “Automatic Fare Collection,” Taipei Metropolitan Ares Rapid Transit System Trainee Guide, Vol.3, pp.88-99.
CGA-HBS, 1991b, “Automatic Fare Collection,” Taipei Metropolitan Ares Rapid Transit System Trainee Guide, Vol.2, pp.62-63, 98-108.
CGA-HBS, 1993, “Communication Interface Between SPS and AFC Equipment,” Taipei Metropolitan Ares Rapid Transit System Trainee Guide.
CGA-HBS, and K&C, 1996, “Operation Manual of Station Processor Systems,” Taipei Metropolitan Ares Rapid Transit System Trainee Guide, pp.1-10.
Jia X., Okunieff P., Buffkin T., and Bailey J., 1997,“Integrating TCIP/NTCIP and SAE J1708/J1587, ”TCIP White Paper #2, Washington, February.

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