由於無線網路的傳輸是不可靠的，所以既有的ARQ (Automatic Repeat reQuest)方法雖然達成可靠傳輸的目的，但每成功收到封包就必須回應一個ACK封包以告知成功傳輸，以及ACK封包遺失時將會重傳重複的封包，都是沒有效率行為。為了提供可靠且有效率的無線網路傳輸，我們利用了網路編碼 (network coding)技術，提出了一種創新的方法— SNC (Streaming Network Coding)。串流網路編碼改善“成功收到一個封包要回應一個ACK”的機制，變成“當某些特定的狀況下才送ACK”的機制，以減少ACK的數量以及ACK的內容。SNC採用Special sequence產生編碼的係數，使得產生後的編碼封包可以讓接收者收到足夠數目的編碼封包數目後可以順利解碼，優於傳統的廣播技術；除此之外，其他編碼技術必需要知道所有接收者在傳送完封包後ACK所回覆的資訊才能完成編碼以及傳送，而SNC則可以藉由少量的ACK以及較簡短的ACK內容做出編碼以及傳送。在模擬結果當中，可以看到SNC比傳統的傳輸方式減少了不少的封包傳輸量，以及在跟其他編碼方式比較時能夠有效地減少ACK在整個傳輸過程的傳送量。

For providing the reliable and effective wireless transmission in a network coding system, we propose Streaming Network Coding (SNC), a novel network coding scheme with little requirement of Acknowledgements (ACK). SNC uses the feature of sequence of elements of GF(24) generated by a primitive polynomial for guaranteeing receivers can encode packets by receiving enough coding packets. Our main contributions are as follows: First, compare to traditional broadcast scheme, we have reduce the total number of transmission. Second, compare to other network coding scheme, which need to know the receiving situation of all receivers, we let receivers send ACKs at crucial moment. Besides, the size of ACK is small than any other network coding scheme. In our simulation, SNC performs better than traditional transmission. As we expect, ours coding scheme (Streaming Network Coding) is performs better than other exist network coding scheme in the number of transmitting ACKs.

[1] S.-Y. Ni, Y.-C. Tseng, Y.-S. Chen, and J.-P. Sheu, “The Broadcast Storm Problem in a Mobile Ad Hoc Network,” in Proc. ACM MobiCom, pp. 151-162, Seattle, Washington, Aug. 1999.
[2] J. Hong, W. Li, S. Lu, J. Cao, and D. Chen, “Sleeping Schedule Aware Minimum Transmission Broadcast in Wireless Ad Hoc Networks,” in Proc. IEEE ICPADS, pp. 399-406, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, Dec. 2008.
[3] E. Pagani and G. Rossi, “Reliable broadcast in mobile multihop packet networks,” in Proc. of ACM MobiCom 1997, Budapest, Hungary, September 1997.
[4] A. Sobeih, H. Baraka, and A. Fahmy, “Remhoc: A reliable multicast protocol for wireless mobile multihop ad hoc networks,” in Proc. Of IEEE CCNC, 2004, Las Vegas, NV, USA, January 2004.
[5] D. Koutsonikolas and Y. C. Hu, “The case for fec-based reliable multicast in wireless mesh networks,” in Proc. of IEEE/IFIP DSN, 2007, Edinburgh, UK, June 2007.
[6] P. Chou, Y. Wu, and K. Jain, “Practical Network Coding,” in Proc. Of Allerton Conference on Communication, Control and Computing, Oct. 2003.
[7] R. Ahlswede, C. Ning, S. Y. R. Li, and R. W. Yeung, “Network Information Flow,” IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, Vol. 46, pp. 1204-1216, July 2000.
[8] S. Y. R. Li, R. W. Yeung, and C. Ning, “Linear Network Coding,” IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, Vol. 49, pp. 371-381, Feb. 2003.
[9] S. Katti, H. Rahul, H. Wenjun, D. Katabi, M. Medard, and J. Crowcroft, “XORs in The Air: Practical Wireless Network Coding,” IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking, Vol. 16, pp. 497-510, June 2008.
[10] P. A. Chou, Y. Wu, and K. Jain, “Practical Network Coding,” in Proc. Allerton Conference on Communication, Control, and Computing, Monticello, Illinois, Oct. 2003.
[11] S. Acedanski, S. Deb, M. Medard, and R. Koetter, “How Good is Random Linear Coding Based Distributed Networked Storage,” in Proc. Workshop on Network Coding, Theory, and Applications, Riva del Garda, Italy, April 2005.
[12] M. Durvy, C. Fragouli, and P. Thiran, “Towards reliable broadcasting using ACKs,” in Proc. IEEE Int. Symp. Inform. Theory, Nice, Jun. 2007, pp. 1156–1160.
[13] L. Keller, E. Drinea, and C. Fragouli, “Online broadcasting with network coding,” in Proc. of the Fouth Workshop on Network Coding, theory, and applications (NetCod ’08), Hong Kong, Jan. 2008, pp. 68–73.
[14] X. Xiao, L. Yang, W. Wang, and S. Zhang, “A broadcasting retransmission approach based on random linear network coding,” in IEEE Int. Conf. Circuits and Systems for Comm., May 2008, pp. 782–786.
[15] P. Sadeghi, D. Traskov, and R. Koetter, “Adaptive network coding for broadcast channels,” in Fifth Workshop on Network Coding, Theory and Applications (NetCod ’09), Lausanne, Jun. 2009, pp. 80–85.
[16] S. Sorour and S. Valaee, “On minimizing broadcast completion delay for instantly decodable network coding,” in IEEE Int. Conf. Comm. (ICC’10), May 2010, pp. 1–5.
[17] A. Eryilmaz, A. Ozdaglar, and M. M´edard, “On delay performance gains from network coding,” in 40th Annual Conf. on Inf. Sci. and Systems, Princeton, Mar. 2006, pp. 864–870.
[18] M. Ghaderi, D. Towsley, and J. Kurose, “Reliability gain of network coding in lossy wireless networks,” in IEEE Int. Conf. on Comp. Comm. (INFOCOMM ’08), Phoenix, Apr. 2008, pp. 2171–2179.
[19] J. Heide, M. V. Pedersen, F. H. P. Fitzek, and T. Larsen, “Network coding for mobile devices – systematic binary random rateless codes,” in IEEE Int. Conf. Comm. Workshops (ICC Workshop 2009), Dresden, Jun. 2009, pp. 1–6.
[20] J. K. Sundararajan, D. Shah, and M. Medard, “ARQ for Network Coding,” in Proc. of IEEE International Symposium on Info. Theory (ISIT), pp.1651-1655, 2008.
[21] D. Nguyen, T. Nguyen and B. Bose, “Wireless Broadcasting Using Network Coding,” in IEEE Transections on Vehicular Technology, Vol. 58, No. 2, pp.914-925, Feb. 2009.
[22] M. Ghaderi, D. Towsley and J.Kurose, “Network Coding Performance for Reliable Multicast,” in Proc. IEEE MILCOM, pp.1-7, Oct. 2007.
[23] Ho Yuet Kwan, Kenneth W. Shum, and Chi Wan Sung, “Generation of Innovative and Sparse Encoding Vectors for Broadcast Systems with Feedback,” in IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory, 2011