組織認同ASS模型：社會企業該如何促進組織認同

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研究生：	林婷 Lin, Ting
論文名稱：	組織認同ASS模型：社會企業該如何促進組織認同 The ASS Model of Identification: How Social Enterprises Facilitate Organizational Identification
指導教授：	謝英哲 Hsieh, Ying Che
口試委員:	翁晶晶林士平
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	科技管理學院 - 科技管理研究所 Institute of Technology Management
論文出版年：	2015
畢業學年度：	103
語文別：	英文
論文頁數：	51
中文關鍵詞：	社会企业、组织认定、组织认同、混合型认定组织
外文關鍵詞：	social enterprise, organizational identity, organizational identification, hybrid-identity organizaiton
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當今社會，人們越來越不寄希望于政府來解決貧困，環境惡化，道德不公正等社會問題。以商業手段實現社會使命的社會企業則為此提供了一種新的可能。然而，作為混合型組織的典型代表，社會企業面臨著不同身份所帶來的彼此衝突的需求，道德困境等一系列問題。

另一方面，現有的文獻都證實了組織認同對於組織行為的重要影響。然而先前的研究僅僅針對混合型認定為何會出現以及在組織層面該如何進行管理給出了解答，卻並沒有給出混合型組織該如何促進組織認同的具體做法。因此，本研究的目的就在於回答這一問題。

本研究的結論指出，社會企業應該進行混合型組織認定管理并通過吸引，篩選和社會化三個過程，將產生的統一的組織認定嵌入成員日常的工作中。本研究進一步建立了一個流程模型來詳細闡述基於混合型認定的組織認同。

Today we are as a society much likely to think that government should and can solve issues of poverty, environmental degradation, and moral in- justice. Social enterprises as organizations seek to achieve social missions through business ventures make a difference in what can be done. Yet, as a typical type of hybrid-identity organization, social enterprises face the ten- sions, competing demands, and ethical dilemmas arising from the divergent identities.

On the other hand, extant literature provides strong evidence of the central role that identification plays in organizational action. While prior research has focused on how hybrid identities manifest and can be managed at the organizational level, the process through which identification emerges in hybrid-identity organizations remains poorly understood. The purpose of this study, therefore, is to expand insight into identification by building theory about how social enterprises foster identification under their hybrid identities.

The results of this study suggest that to foster identification, social enterprises need to manage their hybrid organizational identities and embed the new common identity into member’s daily work through attraction, selection and socialization processes. This research further establishes a process model of identification based on hybrid identities to elaborate all the findings.

1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1
2 Literature Review 3
   2.1 Social Enterprise and Social Entrepreneurs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 
          2.1.1 Conceptualizing Social Enterprise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 
          2.1.2 The Role of Social Entrepreneur . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4
   2.2 Organizational Identity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  5
          2.2.1 Definition of Organizational Identity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  5
          2.2.2 Multiple Organizational Identities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  6
          2.2.3 Potential Benefits and Costs of Multiple Identities . . . . .7
          2.2.4 Management of Multiple Organizational Identities . . . . . 8
   2.3 Organizational Identification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  9
          2.3.1 The Definition of Organizational Identification . . . . . . . . 9
          2.3.2 The Importance of Organizational Identification . . . . . . .11
          2.3.3 The ASA Framework. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13
   2.4 Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14
3 Research Methodology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
   3.1 Theoretical Foundation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15 
   3.2 Strategy of Inquiry  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 
   3.3 Research Design and Implementation  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18
          3.3.1 Data Collection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19
          3.3.2 Data Analysis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20
4 Discussion  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23
   4.1 Hybrid Identies Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23 
          4.1.1 Synthesis Approach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 
          4.1.2 Integration Approach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24 
          4.1.3 Deletion Approach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25
   4.2 Organizational Identification Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  . . 26 
          4.2.1 Applicant Attraction Factors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 
          4.2.2 Selection Criteria  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 
          4.2.3 Internal Communication  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 
          4.2.4 Organizational Structure . . . . . . . . . .  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28 
          4.2.5 Decision-Making Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 
          4.2.6 Staff incentives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
    4.3 Identification Outcomes  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 
          4.3.1 Identification  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 
          4.3.2 Dis-identification  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
5 Conclusion 34
    5.1 ASS Model of Organizational Identification. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 
          5.1.1 Different Hybrid Identities Management Approaches . . . .35
          5.1.2 Attraction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37 
          5.1.3 Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  . . . . . . . .38 
          5.1.4 Socialization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39 
          5.1.5 Identification Outcomes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43
    5.2 Contribution to Theory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
    5.3 Limitations and Future Research Directions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
Reference    . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45
                                

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