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研究生: LAXMANSINGH TRILOKSINGH PADIYAR
Laxmansingh T. Padiyar
論文名稱: Desymmetrization of myo-Inositol 1,3,5-Orthoformate and Its Applications in the Syntheses of Chiral Inositol Phosphates
指導教授: 廖文峰
Liaw, Wen-Feng
洪上程
Hung, Shang-Cheng
口試委員: 廖俊臣
汪炳鈞
學位類別: 博士
Doctor
系所名稱: 理學院 - 化學系
Department of Chemistry
論文出版年: 2011
畢業學年度: 100
語文別: 英文
論文頁數: 330
中文關鍵詞: 肌醇磷酸鹽
外文關鍵詞: Asymmetric Acylation, Inositol Phosphates
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  • Abstract

    Inositol phosphates and the pathways that create them are ubiquitous means by which cells respond to extracellular stimuli and transmission of signals across cell membranes. Systematic biological study of these signaling pathways requires a good supply of phosphoinositol derivatives and their enantiomers. Development of efficient synthetic routes to isomeric inositols and their derivatives is thus, the most practical way to obtain such compounds on a considerable scale. This thesis describes the regioselective acylation of myo-inositol, its desymmetrization using asymmetric acylation and its application in the synthesis of nine optically active inositol phosphates.
    Chapter 1 provides a general introduction to inositol, its nomenclature, and biological significance. Chapter 2 introduces the inositol phosphates. The metabolism of inositol phosphates and their involvement in cell-cell signaling pathways is also discussed. A brief insight on the general synthetic considerations and literature reports for the synthesis of various inositol phosphates and its derivatives is provided in Chapter 3.
    Chapter 4 illustrates the specific aims and development of new synthetic strategy for the regioselective acylation and one-pot protection of myo-inositol. The desymmetrization of myo-inositol using various chiral auxiliaries is also described. Chapter 5 is dedicated to the efficient synthesis of various optically active inositol phosphates starting from a common chiral intermediate.
    A brief conclusion drawn from the synthetic work is given in Chapter 6. Finally, Chapter 7 provides the detailed experimental procedures and the physical data of the compounds synthesized for this dissertation.


    Contents Abstract………………………………………………………………………………..i Acknowledgements……………………………………………………………….…..ii Abbreviations………………………………………………………………………...iii Contents………………………………………………………………………….…viii Chapter 1. Inositol: Introduction, Nomenclature and Biological Significance…….....1 1.1 Stereoisomers of Inositol………………………………………….…………1 1.2 myo-Inositol………………………………………………………………....3 1.3 Nomenclature………………………………………………………………..4 1.4 Biological Significance………………………………………………….…..7 Chapter 2. myo-Inositol Phosphates: Biosynthesis, Metabolism and Cell-Cell Signaling……………………………………………………………………….10 2.1. Biosynthesis of myo-Inositol……………...……………………………….10 2.2. Metabolism of myo-Inositol.…………………..……..…………………....11 2.3. Cell-Cell Signaling and Inositol Phosphates………………..……………...16 2.4. Types of Receptors…….......……………………………………………….16 2.4.1. G-Protein Coupled Receptors…………………………………………....19 2.5. The Inositol Phospholipid Second Messenger System………..……….…..20 Chapter 3. General Synthetic Considerations and Literature Reports for the Synthesis of Inositol Phosphates………………………………………….……23 3.1. Synthesis of Protected Inositol Derivatives.……………………….…...…24 3.2. Phosphorylating Reagents………………………………..………….…….26 3.3. Synthesis of Inositol Phosphates.…………………………..………….…..29 3.3.1. Synthesis of Inositol Monophosphates.…………………..……..………29 3.3.2. Synthesis of Inositol Bisphosphates…………….………..…….…….….32 3.3.3. Synthesis of Inositol Trisphosphates……….…………………..……….33 3.3.4. Synthesis of Other Inositol Trisphosphates………..………………..…..39 3.3.5. Synthesis of Inositol 1,3,4,5 Tetrakisphosphates…..………..………….40 3.3.6. Synthesis of Other Inositol Tetrakisphosphates.….……………..……...43 3.3.7. Synthesis of Inositol Pentajisphosphates……………………..…..…….45 3.3.8 Analogs of Inositol Phosphates……………….……………..…………..46 Chapter 4. Regioselective Acylation of myo-Inositol 1,3,5-Orthoformate…………49 4.1. General Discussion………………………………..…..…….……….…….49 4.2. Specific Aims…………………………..…………..……….……………...51 4.3. Regioselective Acylation……………………………..…….……………...52 4.3.1. Regioselective Benzoylation……………………………………………..56 4.3.2. Regioselective Acetylation………………………………………………59 4.4. One-Pot Protection of myo-Inositol-1,3,5-Orthoformate.………………….61 4.5. Desymmetrization of myo-Inositol-1,3,5-Orthoformate ….……………….64 Chapter 5. Syntheses of Inositol Phosphates……………………………..…………72 5.1. Synthesis of Inositol Monophosphate.……………………………………..72 Synthesis of D-myo-Inositol-6-Monophosphate………..……….………..…….72 5.2. Synthesis of Inositol Bisphosphate.………………………………………..74 Synthesis of D-myo-Inositol-2,4-Bisphosphate.………………………………..74 5.3. Synthesis of Inositol Trisphosphates………………….…………………...75 5.3.1. Synthesis of D-myo-Inositol-1,4,5-Trisphosphate.………………………75 5.3.2. Synthesis of D-myo-Inositol-3,4,5-Trisphosphate.………………………81 5.4. Synthesis of Inositol Tetrakisphosphates.……..…………………….…….82 5.4.1. Synthesis of D-myo-Inositol-1,3,4,5-Tetrakisphosphate ……………......82 5.4.2. Synthesis of D-myo-Inositol-1,4,5,6-Tetrakisphosphate……………..…..85 5.4.3. Synthesis of D-myo-Inositol-3,4,5,6-Tetrakisphosphate.……………..….87 5.4.4. Synthesis of D-myo-Inositol-1,3,5,6-Tetrakisphosphate..………………..88 5.5. Synthesis of Inositol Pentakisphosphate …………………...………..…….89 5.5.1 Synthesis of D-myo-Inositol-1,2,3,4,5-Pentakisphosphate………..………89 Chapter 6. Conclusion.…………………………………………………….…….…..85 Chapter 7. Experimental Section………………………………………………..…..94 References………………………………………………………………….………149 X-ray Data………………………………………………………………………….162 NMR Spectra……………………………………………………………….………201

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