提示系統是一種在使用者進行工作過程中，提供額外資訊的系統，藉由提示系統所提供的資訊可以協助使用者去決策或計畫未來將從事的工作。目前已被應用的提示系統種類繁多，如即時傳訊系統、股價指數提示、系統負載監控，以及警示系統…等等。其中即時傳訊系統可讓使用者彼此聊天並交換檔案，然而也可能影響使用者原本的工作績效，原因在於使用者必須在原工作 (主要工作) 與即時傳訊系統間作工作情境的切換。在應用上，即時傳訊系統採用視覺與聽覺的提示方式並行以提示使用者提示訊息的出現，在研究上許多學者透過不同的視覺提示方式來探討提示系統的視覺提示功能與使用者工作績效之間的關係。然而，探討即時傳訊系統的聽覺提示設計方式以了解其功效的相關研究卻少之又少。因此本研究旨在探討即時傳訊系統中不同的聲音提示方式對使用者工作績效的影響。研究者設計了四種不同的視聽覺提示呈現方式，分別為: 視覺、視覺加上單調聲音、視覺加上對應聲音、及視覺加上語音。研究中受測者的主要工作是瀏覽網頁以找出二十題資訊搜尋題目的答案，在進行主要工作的同時，四組的介面會跳出不同的提示訊息以提醒受測者去執行次要工作。
49位大學生被隨機分配至四種不同的視聽覺提示組別以進行研究。研究結果發現目前的即時傳訊系統中利用單調聲音來呈現不同種類訊息的提示效果並不佳，利用語音提示告知使用者提示訊息的意義則可提高主要工作（資訊搜尋）的效率，而利用意義對照的聲音提示表達不同意義的訊息可以提高主要工作的正確性。本研究就不同的聲音提示方式所提出之建議，將可提供即時傳訊系統介面開發者作為設計系統的依據。

Notification System is a system which provides extra information used when users are doing tasking. The information provided by Notification System can help users decide or plan their future work. There are various types of Notification System applied now, such as Instant Messaging System, Stock Quotes Notification, System Mornitoring, Alarm system and so on. Among these systems, Instant Messaging System can let users talk to each other, and exchange files. However, it probably influences users original performance because users have to shift their working surroundings between their original work (main work) and Instant Messaging System. In application, Instant Messaging System uses visual and auditory notification to notify users new messages. Many scholars study the relationship between the function of visual notification and users’ performance with different visual notifications. However, there is only few study of the design of auditory notification to understand its efficacy. Therefore, the study aims at the influence of different auditory notifications of Instant Messaging System on users’ performances. The author design four different ways of auditory notifications: vision, vision and monotonous sounds, vision and responding sounds, as well as vision and speech sounds. In this study, the testees’ main work is to surf homepages to find out the answers to the twenty questions of information search. While testees do the main work, the four inetrfaces have different notifying messages to notify subjects to carry out subordinate work.
Forty-nine college students are divided into four groups of different visual and auditory notifications randomly. The study reveals that effect of the notification of monotonous sounds is not good. The notification of speech sounds which notify the meaning of the message can promote the effect of the main work, information search Expressing messages of different meanings with the auditory notification of iconic mapping can promote the accuracy of the main work. The suggestions of the study can be provided to developers of Instant Messaging System as a basis of designing systems.

李賢輝（無日期）。國立台灣大學網路教學課程-認知心理學與圖像設計。
取自：http://ceiba.cc.ntu.edu.tw/fineart/database/chap16/chap16-03.htm

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