簡易檢索 / 詳目顯示

研究生: 張智捷
Chang, Chie-Chieh
論文名稱: 具五重鍵的第六族及低配位的金屬化合物之合成
Quintuply Bonded Group VI Metals and Low-coordinate Transition Metal Complexes
指導教授: 蔡易州
Tsai, Yi-Chou
口試委員:
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 理學院 - 化學系
Department of Chemistry
論文出版年: 2009
畢業學年度: 97
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 68
中文關鍵詞: 五重鍵
相關次數: 點閱:3下載:0
分享至:
查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報
  • 將配位有高立體阻礙的β-二酮亞胺H[HC(C(C6H5)N-i-Pr2C6H3)2]配基之釩及鉻金屬錯合物MClx[HC(C(C6H5)N-i-Pr2C6H3)2] (M = V, x = 2; M = Cr, x = 1),以KC8當還原劑還原後,分別會得到將配基上的碳-氮鍵打斷之四配位的單核釩金屬錯合物(2,6-i-Pr2C6H3)N(C6H5)CCHC(C6H5)VN(2,6-i-Pr2C6H3)(Et2O) (2),以及氮分子以側接(side on)的形式連接之雙核鉻金屬錯合物(μ-η2:η2-N2)[Cr(HC(C(C6H5)N-i-Pr2C6H3)2]2 (8);若使用H[HC(C(CH3)N(anthracene)2]為配基合成之正三價釩金屬錯合物,經過KC8還原以後,可以得到透過蒽取代基與金屬中心的作用力而連結在一起的雙核釩金屬錯合物V2{HC[C(CH3)N(anthracene)]2}2 (6)。
    以H[(C6H5)C(N-2,6-i-Pr2C6H3)2]為配基合成出正三價的CrCl2[(C6H5)C(N-2,6-i-Pr2C6H3)2](THF)2 (8)鉻金屬錯合物,再經過KC8的還原以後,可以得到雙鉻金屬五重鍵錯合物Cr2[μ-η2-(C6H5)C(N-2,6-i-Pr2C6H3)2]2 (9),其中鉻¬-鉻的距離為1.7329(13) Å;使用相同的配基可合成出具有類似風車型(paddlewheel)的雙鉬四重鍵錯合物Mo2(μ-Cl)[Cl2Li(OEt2)][μ-η2-(C6H5)C(N-2,6-i-Pr2C6H3)2]2 (11),其鉬-鉬的鍵長為2.0756(8) Å,經由KC8的還原可以獲得低配位的雙鉬金屬五重鍵錯合物Mo2[μ-η2-(C6H5)C(N-2,6-i-Pr2C6。H3)2]2 (12),其中鉬-鉬的距離為2.0157(2) Å。
    利用KC8當還原劑將正二價釕金屬錯合物RuCl(η6-p-cymene)[3-tBu-2-OC6H3CHN-2,6-i-Pr2C6H3] (16)還原以後,可以得到低配位的半三明治(half sandwich)型正一價釕金屬錯合物Ru(η6-p-cymene)[3-tBu-2-OC6H3CHN-2,6-i-Pr2C6H3] (17),將錯合物(17)與一氧化氮反應以後,可以獲得一個具有四個亞硝基的雙核釕金屬錯合物{(μ-NO)Ru(NO)[3-tBu-2-OC6H3CHN-2,6-i-Pr2C6H3]}2 (18),其中釕金屬之間的距離為2.625(3) Å。


    目錄 中文摘要.........................................................................................................................I Abstract………………………………………………………………………………III 謝誌……………………………………………………………………………….…..V 目錄 第一章 緒論 1-1. 氮氣分子之活化…………………………………………………………………1 1-2. 金屬-金屬多重鍵………...……………………………………………………...6 1-3. 一氧化氮分子之化學…..………………………………………………………11 第二章 結果與討論 2-1-1 錯合物(2,6-i-Pr2C6H3)N(C6H5)CCHC(C6H5)VN(2,6-iPr2C6H3)(Et2O) (2)之合成與探討......................................................................................................14 2-1-2. 錯合物V2{HC[C(CH3)N(anthracene)]2}2 (6)之合成與鑑定……………… 18 2-1-3. 錯合物(μ-η2:η2-N2)[Cr(HC(C(C6H5)NC6H3-i-Pr2)2]2 (7)之合成與鑑定.........20 2-1-4. 結論…………………………………………………………………………..22 2-2-1. 錯合物Cr2[(2,6-i-Pr2C6H3)NC(C6H5)N(2,6-i-Pr2C6H3)]2 (9)之合成與鑑定..23 2-2-2. 錯合物 Mo2[(2,6-i-Pr2C6H3)NC(C6H5)N(2,6-i-Pr2C6H3)]2 (12)之合成與鑑定...........28 2-2-3. 結論..................................................................................................................32 2-2-4. 其它嘗試..........................................................................................................32 2-3-1. 錯合物Ru(η6-p-cymene)[3-tBu-2-OC6H3CHN-2,6-iPr2C6H3] (17)之合成與鑑定......................................................................................................................36 2-3-2. 錯合物{(μ-NO)Ru(NO)[3-tBu-2-OC6H3CHN-2,6-iPr2C6H3]}2 (18)之合成與鑑定......................................................................................................................38 2-3-3. 結論..................................................................................................................40 第三章 實驗步驟 1. 一般操作………………………………………………………………………….41 2. 實驗使用儀器…………………………………………………………………….41 3. 實驗藥品與溶劑………………………………………………………………….43 4-1. VCl2[HC(C(C6H5)N-i-Pr2C6H3)2] (1)之合成.......................................................44 4-2. (2,6-i-Pr2C6H3)N(C6H5)CCHC(C6H5)VN(2,6-i-Pr2C6H3)(Et2O) (2)之合成........44 4-3. V2{HC[C(CH3)N(anthracene)]2}2 (6)之合成…………………………………...45 4-4. (μ-η2:η2-N2)[Cr(HC(C(C6H5)N-i-Pr2C6H3)2]2 (7)之合成.....................................46 4-5. CrCl2[(C6H5)C(N-2,6-i-Pr2C6H3)2](THF)2 (8)之合成..........................................47 4-6. Cr2[μ-η2-(C6H5)C(N-2,6-i-Pr2C6H3)2]2 (9)之合成……………….................…...47 4-7. Mo2(μ-Cl)[Cl2Li(OEt2)][ μ-η2-(C6H5)C(N-2,6-i-Pr2C6H3)2]2 (11)之合成............48 4-8. Mo2[μ-η2-(C6H5)C(N-2,6-i-Pr2C6H3)2]2 (12)之合成............................................49 4-9. TiCl2[(C6H5)C(N-2,6-i-Pr2C6H3)2](THF)2 (13)之合成.........................................50 4-10. VCl2[(C6H5)C(N-2,6-i-Pr2C6H3)2](THF)2 (14)之合成.......................................50 4-11. Cr[Cl2Li(THF)2][(tBu)C(N-2,6-i-Pr2C6H3)2] (15)之合成...................................51 4-12. RuCl(η6-p-cymene)[3-tBu-2-OC6H3CHN-2,6-i-Pr2C6H3] (16)之合成..............51 4-13. Ru(η6-p-cymene)[3-tBu-2-OC6H3CHN-2,6-i-Pr2C6H3] (17)之合成..................52 4-14. {(μ-NO)Ru(NO)[3-tBu-2-OC6H3CHN-2,6-i-Pr2C6H3]}2 (18)之合成................52 第四章 晶體結構資料 1. 錯合物(2,6-i-Pr2C6H3)N(C6H5)CCHC(C6H5)VN(2,6-i-Pr2C6H3)(Et2O) (2)的晶體結構資料表......................................................................................................54 2. 錯合物V2{HC[C(CH3)N(anthracene)]2}2 (6)的晶體結構資料表.......................55 3. 錯合物(μ-η2:η2-N2)[Cr(HC(C(C6H5)N-i-Pr2C6H3)2]2 (7)的晶體結構資料表.....56 4. 錯合物CrCl2[(C6H5)C(N-2,6-i-Pr2C6H3)2](THF)2 (8)的晶體結構資料表.........57 5. 錯合物Cr2[μ-η2-(C6H5)C(N-2,6-i-Pr2C6H3)2]2 (9)的晶體結構資料表...............58 6. 錯合物Mo2(μ-Cl)[Cl2Li(OEt2)][μ-η2-(C6H5)C(N-2,6-i-Pr2C6H3)2]2 (11)的晶體結構資料表..............................................................................................................59 7. 錯合物Mo2[μ-η2-(C6H5)C(N-2,6-i-Pr2C6H3)2]2 (12)的晶體結構資料表...........60 8. 錯合物TiCl2[(C6H5)C(N-2,6-i-Pr2C6H3)2](THF)2 (13)的晶體結構資料表.......61 9. 錯合物VCl2[(C6H5)C(N-2,6-i-Pr2C6H3)2](THF)2 (14)的晶體結構資料表........62 10. 錯合物Cr[Cl2Li(THF)2][(tBu)C(N-2,6-i-Pr2C6H3)2] (15)的晶體結構資料表...63 11. 錯合物Ru(η6-p-cymene)[3-tBu-2-OC6H3CHN-2,6-i-Pr2C6H3] (17)的晶體結構資料表..................................................................................................................64 12. 錯合物{(μ-NO)Ru(NO)[3-tBu-2-OC6H3CHN-2,6-i-Pr2C6H3]}2 (18)的晶體結構資料表..................................................................................................................65 第五章 參考文獻........................................................................................................66 圖目錄 圖1-1. 鐵-鉬雙金屬輔因子之結構示意圖..................................................................1 圖1-2. 利用鉬金屬錯合物將氮氣活化.......................................................................2 圖1-3. β-二酮亞胺鐵金屬錯合物.................................................................................4 圖1-4. β-二酮亞胺鉻金屬錯合物.................................................................................5 圖1-5. β-二酮亞胺釩金屬錯合物.................................................................................5 圖1-6. [Re2Cl8]2-之結構及其分子軌域圖....................................................................6 圖1-7. 雙鉬金屬錯合物...............................................................................................7 圖1-8. Cr2[2,6-(2,6-i-Pr2C6H3)]2的結構圖...................................................................7 圖1-9. Cr2[(2,6-i-Pr2C6H3)NCHCHN(2,6-i-Pr2C6H3)]2的結構及DFT理論計算軌域圖....................................................................................................................................8 圖1-10. 雙鉻金屬五重鍵錯合物之結構圖.................................................................9 圖1-11. 低配位鉻金屬五重鍵錯合物的DFT理論計算軌域圖...............................9 圖1-12. 橋接及螯合...................................................................................................10 圖1-13. 風車式結構的雙鉬金屬錯合物...................................................................10 圖1-14. 一氧化氮之分子軌域圖及其與金屬d軌域作用示意圖............................11 圖1-15. 低配位釕金屬錯合物與一氧化氮之反應...................................................12 圖1-16. Salicylaldiminate配基....................................................................................13 圖2-1. VCl2[HC(C(C6H5)N-i-Pr2C6H3)2] (1)之合成方法...........................................14 圖2-2. 錯合物(1)與KC8之反應.................................................................................15 圖2-3. (2,6-i-Pr2C6H3)N(C6H5)CCHC(C6H5)VN(2,6-i-Pr2C6H3)(Et2O) (2)之晶體結構圖..................................................................................................................................16 圖2-4. 雙核二價釩金屬錯合物之合成.....................................................................16 圖2-5. 錯合物(2)之可能生成途徑............................................................................17 圖2-6. V2{HC[C(CH3)N(anthracene)]2}2 (6)之合成方法...........................................18 圖2-7. V2{HC[C(CH3)N(anthracene)]2}2 (6)之晶體結構圖.......................................19 圖2-8. β-二酮亞胺之雙核釩金屬錯合物...................................................................19 圖2-9. 錯合物(μ-η2:η2-N2)[Cr(HC(C(C6H5)N-i-Pr2C6H3)2]2 (7)之合成方法............20 圖2-10. 錯合物(μ-η2:η2-N2)[Cr(HC(C(C6H5)N-i-Pr2C6H3)2]2 (7)之晶體結構圖......21 圖2-11. 錯合物CrCl2[(C6H5)CN(2,6-i-Pr2C6H3)](THF)2 (8)之合成方法.................23 圖2-12. 錯合物CrCl2[(C6H5)C(N-2,6-i-Pr2C6H3)2](THF)2 (8)之晶體結構圖..........24 圖2-13. 錯合物Cr2[μ-η2-(C6H5)C(N-2,6-i-Pr2C6H3)2]2 (9)之合成方法...................24 圖2-14. 錯合物Cr2[μ-η2-(C6H5)C(N-2,6-i-Pr2C6H3)2]2 (9)之晶體結構圖...............25 圖2-15. 錯合物Cr2[μ-η2-(C6H5)C(N-2,6-i-Pr2C6H3)2]2 (9)之UV-Vis光譜圖(以正己烷當溶劑) ....................................................................................................................27 圖2-16. 錯和物Mo2(μ-Cl)[μ-η2-(C6H5)C(N-2,6-i-Pr2C6H3)2]2 (11)之合成方法......28 圖2-17. 錯和物 Mo2(μ-Cl)[Cl2Li(OEt2)][μ-η2-(C6H5)C(N-2,6-i-Pr2C6H3)2]2 (11)之晶體結構圖........29 圖2-18. Mo2[μ-η2-(C6H5)C(N-2,6-i-Pr2C6H3)2]2 (12)之合成方法.............................30 圖2-19. 錯合物Mo2[μ-η2-(C6H5)C(N-2,6-i-Pr2C6H3)2]2 (12)之晶體結構圖...........31 圖2-20. 錯合物Mo2[μ-η2-(C6H5)C(N-2,6-i-Pr2C6H3)2]2 (12)之UV-Vis光譜圖(以四氫呋喃當溶劑) ............................................................................................................31 圖2-21. MCl2[(C6H5)C(N-2,6-i-Pr2C6H3)2](THF)2錯合物(13)、(14)之合成方法....33 圖2-22. 錯合物TiCl2[(C6H5)C(N-2,6-i-Pr2C6H3)2](THF)2 (13)之晶體結構圖.........33 圖2-23. 錯合物VCl2[(C6H5)C(N-2,6-i-Pr2C6H3)2](THF)2 (14)之晶體結構圖.........34 圖2-24. 錯合物Cr[Cl2Li(THF)2][(tBu)C(N-2,6-i-Pr2C6H3)2] (15)之合成方法.........34 圖2-25. 錯合物Cr[Cl2Li(THF)2][(tBu)C(N-2,6-i-Pr2C6H3)2] (15)之晶體結構圖.....35 圖2-26. 錯合物Ru(η6-p-cymene)[3-tBu-2-OC6H3CHN-2,6-i-Pr2C6H3] (17)之合成方法..................................................................................................................................36 圖2-27. 錯合物Ru(η6-p-cymene)[3-tBu-2-OC6H3CHN-2,6-i-Pr2C6H3] (17) 之晶體結構圖..........................................................................................................................37 圖2-28. 錯合物Ru(η6-p-cymene)[3-tBu-2-OC6H3CHN-2,6-i-Pr2C6H3] (17) 之UV-Vis光譜圖(以四氫呋喃當溶劑) ..........................................................................37 圖2-29. 錯合物{(μ-NO)Ru(NO)[3-tBu-2-OC6H3CHN-2,6-iPr2C6H3]}2 (18)之合成方法..................................................................................................................................38 圖2-30. 錯合物{(μ-NO)Ru(NO)[3-tBu-2-OC6H3CHN-2,6-i-Pr2C6H3]}2 (18)之晶體結構圖..........................................................................................................................39 表目錄 表1-1. 常見的氮氣分子與金屬之鍵結模式...............................................................3 表2-1. 雙鉻金屬錯合物之鍵長比較表……………………………………………26

    第五章 參考文獻
    1. Einsle, O.; Tezcan, F. A.; Andrade, S. L. A.; Schmid, B.; Yoshida, M.; Howard, J. B.; Rees, D. C. Science 2002, 297, 1696.
    2. Allen, A. D.; Senoff, C. V. J. Chem. Soc.; Chem. Commun. 1965, 621.
    3. Laplaza, C. E.; Cummins, C. C. Science 1995, 268, 861.
    4. Curley, J. J.; Sceats, E. L.; Cummins, C. C. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2006, 128, 14036.
    5. Fryzuk, M. D.; Johnson, S. A. Coord. Chem. Rev. 2000, 379, 200.
    6. Smith, J. M.; Sadique, A. R.; Cundari, T. R.; Rodgers, K. R.; Lukat-Rodgers, G.; Lachicotte, R. J.; Flaschenriem, C. J.; Vela, J.; Holland, P. L. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2006, 128, 756.
    7. Monillas, W. H.; Yap, G. P. A.; MacAdams, L. A.; Theopold, K. H. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2007, 129, 8090.
    8. Werner, A Neuere Anschauungen auf dem Gebiete der anorganischen Chemie, Brauschweig, 1905.
    9. Pfeiffer P. In Great Chemists, ed. Farber, E., Interscience, New York, 1961, p.1233.
    10. Kauffman, G. B. Coord. Chem. Rev. 1973, 11, 161.
    11. Kauffman, G. B. Coord. Chem. Rev. 1974, 12, 105.
    12. Kauffman, G. B. Coord. Chem. Rev. 1975, 15, 1.
    13. Cotton, F. A.,; Curtis, N. F.; Johnson, B. F. G.; Mague, J. T.; Wood, J. S.; Harris, C. B.; Robinson, W. R.; Lippard, S. J. Science 1964, 145, 1305.
    14. Lawton, D.; Mason, R. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1965, 87, 921.
    15. Chisholm, M. H.; Reichert, W. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1974, 96, 1249.
    16. Tsai, Y. -C.; Lin, Y. -M.; Yu, J. -S. K.; Hwang, J. -K. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2006, 128, 13980.
    17. Power, P. P.; Nguyen, T.; Sutton, A. D.; Brynda, M.; Fettinger, J. C.; Long, G. J. Science 2005, 310, 844.
    18. Kreisel, K. A.; Yap, G. P. A.; Dmitrenko, O.; Landis, C. R.; Theopold, K. H. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2007, 129, 14162.
    19. Tsai, Y. -C.; Hsu, C. -W.; Yu, J. -S. K.; Lee, G. -H.; Wang, Y.; Kuo, T. –S. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2008, 47, 7250.
    20. Hsu, C. -W.; Yu, J. -S. K.; Lee, G. -H.; Wang, Y.; Tsai, Y. –C. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2008, 47, 9933.
    21. Cotton, F. A.; Murillo, L. A.; Walton, R. A. Multiple Bonds Between Metal Atoms 3 rd Ed. Springer, 2005.
    22. Cotton, F. A.; Daniels, L. M.; Hillard, E.A.; Murillo, C. A. Inorg. Chem. 2002, 41, 2466.
    23. Noor, A.; Wagner, F. R.; Kempe, R. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2008, 47, 7426.
    24. Merino, G.; Donald, K. J.; D’Acchioli, J. S.; Hoffmann, R. J. Am.Chem. Soc., 2007, 129, 15295.
    25. Schwartz, S. E.; White, W. H. Trace Atmospheric Constitutents. Properties, Transformation and Fates; J. Wiely & Sons: New York, 1983.
    26. (a) Moncada, S.; Palmer, R. M. J.; Higgs, E. A. Pharmacol. Rev. 1991, 43, 109. (b) Feldman, P. L.; Griffith, O. W.; Stuehr, D. J. Chem. Eng. News 1993, 71 (10), 26. (c) Butler, A. R.; Williams, D. L. Chem. Soc. Rev. 1993, 233. (d) Methods in Nitric Oxide Research; Feelisch M., Stamler, J. S., Eds.; John Wiley and Sons: Chichester, England, 1996 and references therein.
    27. Nitric Oxide: Biology and Pathobiology; Ignarro, L. J., Ed.; Academic Press: San Diego, 2000.
    28. Snyder, S. H. Science 1992, 257, 494.
    29. McCleverty, J. A. Chem. Rev. 2004, 104, 403.
    30. Budzelaar, P. H. M.; van Oort, A. B.; Orpen, A. G. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. 1998. 1485.
    31. Baker, M. V.; Field, L. D.; Hambley, T. W. Inorg. Chem. 1988, 27, 7.
    32. Evans, D. F. J. Chem. Soc. 1959, 2003.
    33. .Schubert, E. M. J. Chem. Educ. 1992, 69, 62
    34. Bai, G.; Wei, P.; Stephan, D. W. Organomatallics 2006, 25, 2649.
    35. Hamaki, H.; Takeda, N; Tokitoh, N. Organomatallics 2006, 25, 2457.
    36. Tsai, Y. -C.; Wang, P. -Y.; Lin, K. -M.; Chen, S. -A.; Chen, J. -M. Chem. Comun. 2008, 205.
    37. Basuli, F.; Huffman, J. C.; Mindiola, D. J. Inorg. Chim. Acta. 2007, 360, 246.
    38. Nijhuis, C. A.; Jellema, E.; Sciarone, T. J. J.; Meetsma, A.; Budzelaar, P. H. M.; Hessen, B. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. 2005, 2089.
    39. Wolf, R.; Ni, C.; Nguyen, T.; Brynda, M.; Long, G. J.; Sutton, A. D.; Fischer, R. C.; Fettinger, J. C.; Hellman, M.; Pu, L.; Power, P. P. Inorg. Chem. 2007, 46, 11277.
    40. Opstal, T.; Couchez, K.; Verpoort, F. Adv. Synth. Catal. 2003, 345, 393
    41. Hubbard, J. L.; Morneau, A.; Burns, R. M.; Zoch, C. R. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1991, 113, 9176.
    42. Botomley, F.; White, P. S.; Mukaida Acta Crystallogr. 1982, B38, 2674.
    43. Manzer, L. E. Inorg. Synth. 1982, 21, 135.
    44. Hodson, E.; Simpson, S. J. Polyhedron 2004, 23, 2695.
    45. Podall, H.; Foster, W. E.; Giraitis, A. P. J. Org. Chem. 1958, 23, 82.
    46. Xia, A.; El-Kaderi, H. M.; Heeg, M. J.; Winter, C. H. J. Organomet. Chem. 2003, 682, 224.
    47. Kang, M.; Sen, A. Orgaometallics 2005, 24, 3508.

    無法下載圖示 全文公開日期 本全文未授權公開 (校內網路)
    全文公開日期 本全文未授權公開 (校外網路)

    QR CODE