近年來，人們對於遠程醫療的需求越來越重視，因此如何有效在資料量傳遞方面達到節省以及編碼端如何低複雜度成了重要的議題，本篇論文利用近年來新起的技術壓縮感測來達到資料壓縮的目的，但由於利用壓縮感測處理EEG訊號已有文獻探討，因此本篇論文著重於EMG訊號。
臭氧層的長期破壞也使得生態科技得到越來越多的注意與探討。 有效的資源管理變得越來越重要。 能量管理是其中一個綠化科技的重要議題。 有效且聰明的使用能量的需求已經越來越多， 電力線通訊逐漸地受到重視。
智慧電網已經在近幾年得快速的發展， 有效且即時的能量管理變得重要。 其中部分傳輸資料與管理仰賴電力線通訊。因此 電力線通訊近年來迅速的發展。
經由來傳輸電力的電力線來傳輸資料， 就不需要再增加硬體設施。 建構和維修的費用就比無線或乙太網路還低。
然而，電力線通訊受到許多像多重路徑或時變雜訊的干擾，使得系統效能損失。 我提出的接受器解決大部分的問題。 然而， 在雜訊嚴重的時候， 卻仍會造成通訊失敗。 許多的研究顯示增加一些處理雜訊的處理器能改善。 例如雜訊壓縮器， 或維特比前處理器。 然而這麼多卻在提升效能的同時， 也增加了很多硬體負擔。 資源分配也是一個很有效改善系統效能， 卻不需要太大的硬體負擔。
我提出的再傳送端使用電源分配的演算法，去改善系統。 與之前的研究比較， 在兩個規格下比較， 無論在雜訊嚴重或不嚴重的情形下， 我的可以改善數個dB。 並且只增加合理的複雜度。

The ozone layer has been destructed for a long time and eco-tech gets more discussions
and attention. Effective resource management in the world become more important. Power
management is one important issue of green technology. Through the rapid demand of smart
power use and management, issues of power line gradually gets more concern.
Smart Grid, which rely on mass power line infrastructure, has rapid development in recent
years. An energy-efficiency and real-time power management is critical now and ever. Hence,
power line communication (PLC) becomes widely discussed these years. The use of power
line distribution grid for data communication has gained lot of interest over the past several
years. By establishing communication on the same power line infrastructure that delivers
electricity, there is no need to create new communication paths through obstacles such as
buildings, hills. Thus, installation and maintenance costs are lower than Ethernet or wireless
communication.
Nevertheless, PLC suffer many challenges such as multi-path fading, and time-varying
impulse noise, which is modeled as class-A noise in this thesis. The proposed receiver solve
most of the problem. Unfortunately, impulse noise is sometimes the most system degradation
factor that cause transmission fail.
Many works shows adding certain processor to deal with it for some system enhancement.
For instance, impulse noise suppressor or Viterbi preprocessor is added is their designed receiver.
However, lots of hardware overhead are simultaneously produced. Resource allocation
is a useful and effective way to improve the system without much hardware overhead.
A proposed power allocation/loading scheme added in my transmitter is for reducing the
signal distortion by fading and impulse noise. A well-known method to improve data rate
about bis/power allocation/loading is waterfilling algorithm. By contrary, my work prefer to
ii
provide power-saving or bit error rate (BER) improvement Both standards, PRIME and G3-
PLC are tested with my algorithms ad others. In severe class-A noise channel, my solution
provides 5dB gain over the best power algorithms in class-A scheme and 0.2 dB in well class-
A noise channel for PRIME system. In G3-PLC, there’re about 2.8 dB and 0.1dB respectively.
This reveals my algorithms is strongly applied in severe class-A case.

[1] N. Pavlidou, A. H. Vinck, J. Yazdani, and B. Honary, “Power line communications: state
of the art and future trends,” IEEE Communications Magazine, vol. 41, no. 4, pp. 34 –
40, Apr. 2003.
[2] S. Galli, A. Scaglione, and Z. Wang, “Power line communications and the smart grid,”
in First IEEE International Conference on Smart Grid Communications (SmartGrid-
Comm), Oct. 2010, pp. 303 –308.
[3] ——, “For the grid and through the grid: The role of power line communications in the
smart grid,” Proceedings of the IEEE, vol. 99, no. 6, pp. 998 –1027, Jun. 2011.
[4] K. Al-Mawali, F. Al-Qahtani, and Z. Hussain, “Adaptive power loading for OFDMbased
power line communications impaired by impulsive noise,” in IEEE International
Symposium on Power Line Communications and Its Applications (ISPLC), Mar. 2010,
pp. 178 –182.
[5] H. K. Il, B. Varadarajan, and A. Dabak, “Performance analysis and enhancements of narrowband
OFDM powerline communication systems,” in First IEEE International Conference
on Smart Grid Communications (SmartGridComm), Oct. 2010, pp. 362 –367.
[6] “PRIME project draft standard for powerline intelligent metering evolution,” May 2010.
[7] “G3-PLC physical layer specification,” Aug. 2009.
[8] K. Razazian, A. Kamalizad, M. Umari, Q. Qu, V. Loginov, and M. Navid, “G3-PLC field
trials in u.s. distribution grid: Initial results and requirements,” in IEEE International
60 BIBLIOGRAPHY
Symposium on Power Line Communications and Its Applications (ISPLC), Apr. 2011,
pp. 153 –158.
[9] M. Hoch and G. Bumiller, “Interoperability of carrier-modulated OFDM systems with
PRIME,” in IEEE International Symposium on Power Line Communications and Its Applications
(ISPLC), Apr. 2009, pp. 201 –204.
[10] M. Hoch, “Comparison of G3-PLC and PRIME,” in IEEE International Symposium on
Power Line Communications and Its Applications (ISPLC), Apr. 2011, pp. 165 –169.
[11] M. Zimmermann and K. Dostert, “A multipath model for the powerline channel,” IEEE
Transactions on Communications, vol. 50, no. 4, pp. 553 –559, Apr. 2002.
[12] D. Middleton, “Statistical-physical models of electromagnetic interference,” IEEE
Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility, vol. EMC-19, no. 3, pp. 106 –127, Aug.
1977.
[13] J. N. H. Ferreira, L. Lampe and T. Swart, Power Line Communications: Theory and
Applications for Narrowband and Broadband Communications over Power Lines. John
Wiley & Sons, 2010.
[14] O. Hooijen, “A channel model for the residential power circuit used as a digital communications
medium,” Electromagnetic Compatibility, IEEE Transactions on, vol. 40,
no. 4, pp. 331 –336, nov 1998.
[15] D. Middleton, “Canonical and quasi-canonical probability models of class-A interference,”
IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility, vol. EMC-25, no. 2, pp. 76
–106, May 1983.
[16] J. F. Weng and S. H. Leung, “On the performance of DPSK in rician fading channels
with class-A noise,” IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, vol. 49, no. 5, pp.
1934 –1949, Sep. 2000.
BIBLIOGRAPHY 61
[17] J. Seo, S. Cho, and K. Feher, “Impact of non-Gaussian impulsive noise on the performance
of high-level QAM,” IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility,
vol. 31, no. 2, pp. 177 –180, May 1989.
[18] Y. Matsumoto and K.Wiklundh, “A simple expression for bit error probability of convolutional
codes under class-A interference,” in International Symposium on Electromagnetic
Compatibility - EMC Japan, Jul. 2009, pp. 1 –5.
[19] Y. Matsumoto, K. Gotoh, and K. Wiklundh, “Band-limitation effect on statistical properties
of class-A interference,” in International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility
- EMC Europe, Sep. 2008, pp. 1 –5.
[20] S. Zhidkov, “Performance analysis and optimization of OFDM receiver with blanking
nonlinearity in impulsive noise environment,” IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology,
vol. 55, no. 1, pp. 234 – 242, Jan. 2006.
[21] ——, “Analysis and comparison of several simple impulsive noise mitigation schemes
for OFDM receivers,” IEEE Transactions on Communications, vol. 56, no. 1, pp. 5 –9,
Jan. 2008.
[22] Y. Z. Jiang, X. L. Hu, W. L. Li, and S. X. Zhang, “Estimation of two-dimensional class-
A noise model parameters by markov chain monte carlo,” in 2nd IEEE International
Workshop on Computational Advances in Multi-Sensor Adaptive Processing, Dec. 2007,
pp. 249 –252.
[23] Y. Z. Jiang, X. L. Hu, X. Kai, and Z. Qi, “Bayesian estimation of class-A noise parameters
with hidden channel states,” in IEEE International Symposium on Power Line
Communications and Its Applications (ISPLC), Mar. 2007, pp. 2 –4.
[24] J. Weng and S. Leung, “Nonlinear RLS algorithm for amplitude estimation in class-A
noise,” IEEE Proceedings on Communications, vol. 147, no. 2, pp. 81 –86, Apr. 2000.
[25] S. Zabin and H. Poor, “Efficient estimation of class-A noise parameters via the EM
algorithm,” IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, vol. 37, no. 1, pp. 60 –72, Jan.
1991.
62 BIBLIOGRAPHY
[26] V. Felix and V. Chander, “Bispectrum based estimation of parameters of middleton class-
A noise,” in IEEE Sixth SP Workshop on Statistical Signal and Array Processing, Conference
Proceedings., Oct. 1992, pp. 160 –163.
[27] T. Chiueh and P. Tsai, OFDM baseband receiver design for wireless communications.
John Wiley and Sons (Asia), 2007.
[28] K. Razazian, M. Umari, and A. Kamalizad, “Error correction mechanism in the new
G3-PLC specification for powerline communication,” in IEEE International Symposium
on Power Line Communications and Its Applications (ISPLC), Mar. 2010, pp. 50 –55.
[29] S. Lin and D. J. Costello, Error Control Coding. Pearson Prentice Hall, 2004.
[30] Y. Nakano, D. Umehara, M. Kawai, and Y. Morihiro, “Viterbi decoding for convolutional
code over class-A noise channel,” in IEEE International Symposium on Power
Line Communications and Its Applications (ISPLC), Mar. 2003.
[31] L. Chen and G. Gong, Communication System Security. Chapman and Hall, 2012.
[32] A. Lozano, A. Tulino, and S. Verdu, “Optimum power allocation for parallel gaussian
channels with arbitrary input distributions,” IEEE Transactions on Information Theory,
vol. 52, no. 7, pp. 3033 – 3051, Jul. 2006.
[33] J. Li, B. Chen, H. Li, and L. Su, “An adaptive power minimization algorithm for powerline
communication,” in Second International Conference on Computer Modeling and
Simulation, vol. 1, Jan. 2010, pp. 300 –302.
[34] S. T. Chung and A. Goldsmith, “Degrees of freedom in adaptive modulation: a unified
view,” IEEE Transactions on Communications, vol. 49, no. 9, pp. 1561 –1571, Sep.
2001.
[35] L. P. Do and R. Lehnert, “A channel allocation protocol for providing fairness between
users in multi-cell plc networks,” in IEEE International Symposium on Power Line Communications
and Its Applications (ISPLC), Apr. 2011, pp. 1 –6.
BIBLIOGRAPHY 63
[36] L. Goldfeld, V. Lyandres, and D. Wulich, “Minimum BER power loading for OFDM
in fading channel,” IEEE Transactions on Communications, vol. 50, no. 11, pp. 1729 –
1733, Nov. 2002.
[37] H. Kanemoto, S. Miyamoto, and N. Morinaga, “A study on modeling of microwave
oven interference and optimum reception,” in 1998 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility, vol. 1, Aug., pp. 57 –62.