台北市地處台灣本島北部，四周均與台灣省台北縣交界，為一盆地地形。由於過度都市化的結果，造成活動人口急劇增加、車輛集中及各項公共工程施工持續進行，且受到盆地地形及地物的影響，污染物不易擴散，導致區域性空氣品質逐漸惡化。另ㄧ方面，隨著民眾環保意識之提昇，對環境品質要求日趨殷切，以致環境污染之改善，遂為當前市政府建設重要課題之一。其中空氣品質改善之工作，與民眾生命財產安全尤其關係密切，是以更突顯出其重要性。
以高溫燃燒爐(850℃∼1050℃)焚化處理垃圾，可以有效地將垃圾中的有機物燃燒處理。燃燒後所殘留飛灰及灰燼的體積，只佔原來的1/10（重量約為原來的1/5），因此可達到減容減重的效果。然而焚化所產生之飛灰對於環境的影響，卻是一個不容忽視的研究課題。許多重金屬在高溫下可能轉化成氣態的形式，冷卻後凝聚附著在微粒上，而隨著廢氣排放至大氣中。由於重金屬在高溫過程中有濃縮的作用，使得焚化所形成的微粒含有相當高的金屬濃度，對於環境生態的影響頗值得進一步探討瞭解。

本研究係針對台北市立北投垃圾焚化廠飛灰物化特性概況進行分析調查與研究，其目的在探討與建立北投焚化廠焚化爐排氣中懸浮微粒之物化特性基本資料，以及其可能對大氣空氣污染之影響與貢獻，如所含的元素成份、有害空氣污染物濃度等；此外，亦將嘗試建立本土化垃圾焚化污染參考性指標元素。日後期待可配合相關單位在推動垃圾焚化與執行空氣品質改善維護之依據。

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