本研究旨在探討國民小學校長教學領導之意義、目的、實施現況、困境與因應策略，並以三所國小為研究場域，進行質性研究。研究者以三校九位教師為研究對象，運用訪談、觀察、文件等方法，將所蒐集到的資料，以ATLAS.ti 5.2質性分析軟體進行三角檢證工作。綜合文獻探討與質性研究的結果，得到以下的結論：
壹、教學領導的意義：校長是學校首席教師，應發揮本身影響力激發教師特質與能力，以信任、鼓勵的態度，提升教師的專業表現，並引進校外資源及社區家長的協助，共同創造一個優質的校園學習環境。
貳、教學領導的目的：建立學校願景及目標。提升教師專業素養；保障學生學習成效；永續經營校園環境；關懷社區行銷學校等五項。
參、教學領導分四層面：
一、型塑學校的教育願景及目標
二、確保課程及教學的品質
三、營造學習型的組織氣氛
四、建構支持性的開放系統
肆、教學領導的困境：教師專業素養不足；設備老舊經費不足；分身乏術時間不足；社區家長質疑干預等四種。
伍、教學領導的因應策略：凝聚共識、協調溝通，提升教師專業養；透過各種管道，積極爭取經費來源；在校時間妥善規劃，處理行政事務充分授權；尊重或接納家長意見等四種。
陸、對教育主管機關的建議：協調大學合作建立進修管道，提升校長專業素養；建立校長教學領導評鑑機制，提升學校整體效能；建立學校組織分工合作機制，經費合理分配運用；甄選新進人員時，應提供學校一套適切標準等四項。
柒、對國民小學校長的建議：塑造願景新優勢、經營學校永發展；教學領導有方法，組織學習有系統；課程教學有品質，學生學習受重視；接受政策新挑戰，掌握教室新契機；新式領導新思維，校園氣氛煥然新；突破困境與障礙，建立風潮與信心；家長社區共攜手，校校成功必有望等七項。
捌、對國民小學教師的建議：精進教師專業、提升教育品質；反思反覺不為己、但求學生無限量；傳道、授業、解惑等三項。
玖、對未來研究的建議：研究對象可以增加；研究範圍可以在加以細分等二項。

The research arms at the meaning, purpose, practice situation, difficulty and strategy of principle’s leadership in elementary school. The target fields are at three elementary schools by qualitative research. We take nine teachers as the objects of the study. The research ways are interview, observation, and document collection. Besides, we deal all document by the program “ATLAS.ti 5.2” to double check the reality of the document. After analyzing the document and observation we have, we get the results as following:
A.The meaning of teaching leadership is: As an experienced teacher, Principle inspires the personal characteristic and ability of teachers by trusting, encouraging in order to improve the professional reaction of the teachers. Besides, if the principle is able to attract the resource of community and the assistance of parents, this helps everyone to build a great learning environment.
B.The purpose of teaching leadership is to build the school vision and goal. To improve to the teacher profession ability is a way to ensure the achievement of the students. To built a green campus and care the whole community.
C.The levels and reaction of teaching leadership is divided into four layers .
(A)To shape the educational vision and goal.
(B)To ensure the quality of the curriculum and teaching.
(C)To creative the atmosphere of learning organization.
(D)To build a supportive opening system.
D.The shortage of teaching leadership: teachers don’t have enough professional abilities, schools don’t have enough money to replace the old equipments, there is no enough time for teachers, and parents disturb and hesitate the class teaching program.
E.The strategy of those shortage: to cohere the common sense, communicate more often, enrich the professional skill of the teachers. To strive for the economic resource. To plan well with the school time and empower the administer. To respect and accept the parents’ opinions.
F.The suggestions for educational institution: to pursue the further education in college in order to improve the professional skills of principles. To build a well assessment system to improve the efficiency of the school. To corporate and use the money well. To provide a standard before selecting the new members.
G.The suggestion of principles: To build a new vision to conduct the school for a long time; To lead the teachers with their own method and organized the learning way systematically. To emphasize the learning of the students by improving the teaching quality. To renew the school culture with the new leading thought. To build the confidence of all members to conquer all frustrations. To cooperate with parents and all members of the community will make a successful school.
H.The suggestion of teachers: to improve the professional skills of teachers and improve the teaching quality. Try to reconsider what we do and give the students a brilliant hope. Give them knowledge and teaching them how to be a better person, then help them to solve the problem they have.
I.The suggestion of the next research: To increase the members of the research subject. To subdivide the categories of this research.

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