中文摘要
本研究針對大屯火山區溫泉中U/Th系列核種（包括：238U, 234U, 230Th, 226Ra, 232Th, and 228Th）進行分析，並分析採樣點環境之化學特性（如：酸鹼度、氧化還原電位及溫泉水中之Cl-、SO42- 濃度等），藉以探討放射性核種之遷移及其對放射性核種含量之變動的影響。

研究結果顯示，溫泉水中U 、 Th之含量隨pH增加而遞減。234U/238U之放射活度比值（AR）可歸因於U(VI)之水解、α衰變核反跳及234U之選擇性瀝濾，然其不平衡現象並不明顯。而溫泉水中之230Th/234U, 226Ra/230Th和 228Th/232Th及底泥中230Th/234U, 226Ra/230Th, 228Ra/232Th, 228Th/228Ra 和228Th/232Th之放射活度比值均可見明顯之不平衡現象。

溫泉水中之Cl-和SO42-離子可促進U和Th溶入水中。溫泉水中之230Th/234U AR (0.04–0.63)小於1，而底泥中之230Th/234U AR (1.13–1.52)大於1，此可歸因於234U和230Th溶解度的迥異。溫泉水中226Ra/230Th的AR (0.60–34.8)隨Cl-和SO42-濃度增加而下降，而底泥中226Ra/230Th的AR (1.57–21.5)則有相反之趨勢;此結果可歸因於230Th 與Cl-或SO42-的錯合及226Ra與(Ba,Pb)SO4的共沉澱反應。228Th/232Th 在溫泉水中之AR (1.01–12.0)和底泥中之AR（1.02–25.6）均偏離1，且與228Ra和(Ba,Pb)SO4之共沉澱及228Th之錯合有關。

Adloff, J. P., and Roessler, K., 1991. Recoil and transmutation effects in the migration behaviour of actinides. Radiochimica Acta 52/53, 269-274.
American Public Health Association, American Water Works Association & Water Pollution Control Federation, 1998. Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 20th Ed., Method 4500-SO42 - E, APHA, Washington, D.C., USA, pp. 4-178—4-179.
American Public Health Association, American Water Works Association & Water Pollution Control Federation, 1992. Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater,18th Ed APHA, Washington, D.C., USA., pp. 4-123—4-127.
Ahrland, S., Bertrand, P. A., Choppin, G. R., Ekstrom, A., Heights, L., Franz, C., Martinot, L., Marx, G., Robel, W., Schmitt, R. E., Haase, V., Keim, R., and Keller, C. Gemelin Handbook of Inorganic Chemistry─Uranium, 8th Ed., Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg 1983, pp. 324-325.
Boyle, R. W., 1982. Geochemical Prospecting for Thorium and Uranium Deposits, Elsevier, New York, pp. 2-21.
Burns, D. T., Townshend A. and Carter, A.H., 1981. Inorganic Reaction Chemistry Vol. 2 ─ Reactions of the Elements and Their Compounds. Ellis Horwood, p.95, 400.
Chang, F. H., 1961. Genetic study of anglesobarite (hokutolite) from Peitou. Acta Geologica Taiwanica 9, 7-11.
Cherdyntsev, V. V., Chalov, P. I., Khaidarove, G. Z., 1955. In: Transactions, 3rd Session of the Committee for Determination of Absolute Ages of Geologic Formations, Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, 175.
Choppin, G. R., Liljenzin, J. O. and Rydberg, J., 1995. Radiochemistry and Nuclear Chemistry, 2nd Ed., Butterworth- Heinemann Ltd., p. 655.
Chu, T. C. and Wang, J. J., 1997. Disequilibrium of uranium and thorium nuclides series in river waters from the Ta-Tun Volcanic Group Area in Taiwan. Applied Radiation and Isotopes 48 (8), 1149-1155.
Chu, T. C. and Wang, J. J., 2000. Radioactive disequilibrium of uranium and thorium nuclide series in hot spring and river water from Peitou Hot Spring Basin in Taipei. Journal of Nuclear and Radiochemical Sciences 1(1), 5-10.
Cowart, J. B., 1980. The relationship of uranium isotopes to oxidation/ reduction in the Edwards carbonate aquifer of Texas. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 48, 277-283.
Ellsworth, H. V., 1932. Rare-earth Minerals of Canada; Geological Survey of Canada, Economic Geology Series No. 11, p. 272.
Fleischer R. L. and Raabe, O. G., 1978. Recoiling alpha- emmitting nuclei mechanisms for uranium series disequilibrium. Geoochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 42, 973-978.
Friedlander, G., Kennedy, J. W., Macias, E. S., and Miller, J.
M., 1981. Nuclear and Radiochemistry. John Wiley & Sons, p.
11.
Garrels, R. M. and Christ C. L., 1965. Solutions, Minerals, and
Equilibria. Haper and Row, New York, pp. 174-178.
Gascoyne, M., 1992. Geochemistry of the Actinides and Their Daughters. In: Uranium Series Disequilibrium: Applications to Earth, Marine, and Environmental Sciences, M. Ivanovich and R. S. Harmon (Eds.), 2nd ed., Oxford University Press, New York, p. 60.
Hayakawa, M. and Nakano, T., 1912. The radioactive constituents
of the sediments from the springs of Hokuto, Taiwan. Zeitschrift fur Anorganische Chemie 78, 183; from Chemical Abstracts (1913), 7, 1328.
Huck, P. M., McClamont, G. L., Schwartz, F. W., Nesbitt, B. E., Anderson, W. B., and Kratochvil B., 1989. Modelling of radium-226 leaching from barium-radium sulfate sluges. Waste Management 9, 157-163.
Ivanovich, M., and Harmon, R. S., 1992. Uranium Series Disequilibrium: Applications to Earth, Marine, and Environmental Sciences, 2nd ed., Oxford University Press, New York, pp. 34-35.
Ivanovich, M., 1994. Uranium series disequilibrium: concepts and applications. Radiochimica Acta 64, 81-94.
Jaworowski, Z., 1990. Sources and the Global Cycle of Radium. In: The Behaviour of Radium─Technical Reports Series No. 310, Vol. 1 (International Atomic Energy Agency), Vienna, pp. 129-138.
Jiang, F. S., Lee, S. C., Baktiar, S. N. and Kuroda, P. K., 1986. Determination of thorium, uranium and plutonium isotopes in atmerspheric samples. Journal of Radioanalysis and Nuclear Chemistry, Articles 100, 65-72.
Kessler, M. J., 1989. Liquid Scintillation Analysis─Science and Technology. Packard Instrument Co., Inc., pp.5-7.
Khalique, A. and Chu, L. C., 1989. A new method for the determination of radium-226 in water by liquid scintillation counting. In: 35th Annual Conference on Bioassay, Analytical and Environmental Radiochemistry, Oct. 30─Nov. 2, Charleston, South Carolina.
Kigoshi, K., 1971. Alpha-recoil thorium-234: Dissolution into water and the uranium-234/ uranium-238 disequilibrium in nature. Science 173, 47.
Kim, Y. J., Kim, C. K., Kim, C. S., Yun, J. Y. and Rho, B. H., 1999. Determination of 226Ra in environmental samples using high-resolutin inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry 240 (2), 613-618.
Knoll, G. F., 1989. Radiation Detection and Measurement, 2nd Ed., John Wiley & Sons, Singapore, p. 389.
Langmuir, D., 1978. Uranium solution-mineral equilibria at low temperatures with applications to sedimentary ore deposits. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 42, 547-569.
Langmuir, D., Herman, J. S., 1980. The mobility of thorium in natural waters at low temperatures. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 44, 1753-1766.
Langmuir, D. and Riese, A., 1985. The thermaldynamic properties of radium. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 49, 1593-1601.
Langmuir, D. and Melchior, D., 1985. The geochemistry of Ca, Sr, Ba and Ra sulfates in some deep brines from the Palo Duro Basin, Texas. Geochimica et Cosmochimica acta 49, 2423-2432.
Lee, H. Y., 1965. Geochemical studies on springs ― minor elements in thermal springs and constituents of the interior of earth in Taiwan”, Chemistry (The Chin. Chem. Soc., Taiwan) 1-2, 23-32.
Lee, S. U., 1986. A Study of Radioactive Isotopes of Beryllium, Polonium, Uranium and Plutonium in the Atmosphere, Ph. D. Thesis. University of Arkansas.
Molinari, J. and Snodgrass, W. J., 1990. The Chemistry and Radiochemistry of Radium and the Other Elements of the Uranium and Thorium Natural Decay Series. In: The Behaviour of Radium─Technical Reports Series No. 310, Vol. 1 (International Atomic Energy Agency), Vienna, pp. 11-47.
Okamoto, Y., 1909. Enargite from Formosa. Journal of Geological Society of Tokyo 16, 72-73.
Okamoto, Y., 1911. Minerals of Taiwan, Formosa. Journal of Geological Society of Tokyo 18, 19-21.
Roberts, H.M. and Plater, A.J., 1999. U- and Th-series disequilibria in coastal infill sediments from Praia da Racha (Algarve Region, Portugal): a contribution to the study of late Quaternary weathering and erosion. Geomorphology 26, 223-238.
Rosholt, J. N., Shields W. R. and Garner E. L., 1963. Isotope fraction of uranium in sandstone. Science 139, 224-226.
Skoog, D. A. and Leary, J. J., 1992. Principles of Instrumental Analysis. Saunders College Pulishing, USA. pp. 140, 215, 225-228.
Skoog, D. A., West, D. M., and Holler, F. J., 1992. Fundamentals of Analytical Chemistry, 6th Ed. Saunders College Pulishing, USA, pp. 325-326.
Spencer, L. J., 1916. A list of new mineral names, Mineral Magazine, 17, 334; from Chemical Abstracts, 10, 1737.
Sun, H., Semkow, T.M., 1998. Mobilization of thorium, radium and radon Radionuclides in ground water by successive alpha-recoils. Journal of Hydrology 205, 126-136.
Weng, P. S. and Tsai, C. M., 1973. Radium-226 concentractions in Taiwan hot spring and river waters. Health Physics, 24, 429-430.
Weng, P. S., 1984. Natural radiation of interest in Taiwan, Nuclear Sceince Journal 21, 226-232.
Weng, P. S., 1988. Natural radionuclides and radiationdoses in Taiwan. Nuclear Sceince Journal 25(3), 189-206.
彭飛凱, 1985. 溫泉水中阿爾伐核種之分析, 國立清華大學原子科學研究所, 碩士論文.
能源與礦業研究所, 1987. 第231號報告, 工業技術研究院, p.6.
莊文星, 1988. 台灣新生代晚期火山岩之之火山活動與火成岩定年與地球化學研究, 國立台灣大學理學院海洋研究所, 博士論文, p. 19.
王文祥, 1989. 大屯火山群之火山學及核飛跡定年, 國立台灣大學地質學研究所, 碩士論文.
葉秋娟, 1989. 陽明山地區溫泉水之放射化學初探, 國立台灣大學海洋研究所, 碩士論文.
楊金臻, 1990. 泉鄉, 內政部營建署陽明山國家公園管理處, pp. 36-37.
日本分析化學中心, 1990. 鈾分析方法, TRMC-79103. 台灣輻射偵測站編譯, p. 4-22.
陳正宏, 1990. 台灣之火成岩, 經濟部中央地質調查所, pp. 10-15.
莊展鵬, 1991. 台北地質之旅, 遠流出版公司, pp. 60-63.
王正忠, 1993. 大屯火山群區溫泉與河水中天然放射性核種的遷移及分佈之研究, 國立清華大學化學研究所, 博士論文.
陳肇夏, 1994. 大地的氣息─火山溫泉和地熱, 內政部營建署陽明山國家公園管理處, pp.129-133.
曾連生, 1994. 北投石和溫泉水中放射性核種與化學成分之分析研究, 中原大學化學系, 碩士論文.
黃復元, 1998. 地熱谷溫泉的放射線追蹤研究, 中原大學化學系, 碩士論文.
莊文星, 1999. 台灣的火山活動與火成岩, 國立自然科學博物館, p.130.
林建緯, 2001. 大屯火山群地熱氣與溫泉水之地化特性, 國立中央大學應用地質研究所, 碩士論文.
陳耀麟, 2002. 大屯火山區溫泉水之化學成分及其對河水之影響, 國立台灣大學地質科學研究所, 博士論文.