本研究旨在了解國小學童體育課態度、身體活動量與健康體能的現況與相互關係，以及性別因子在體育課態度、身體活動量與健康體能表現的差異。研究對象為高雄市某國小五、六年級學生，扣除問卷填寫不完整、未接受健康體能測驗或資料不完全者，實際有效樣本共306份，有效回收率達87.4%。體育課態度是以體育態度量表收集學童對學校體育課的體育課態度資料；身體活動量是以兒童身體活動量問卷（PAQ-C）收集資料；健康體能檢測是以教育部體育司所頒布之學生健康體能檢測項目實施，包括身高體重測量（身體質量指數）、一分鐘屈膝仰臥起坐（肌力與肌耐力）、坐姿體前彎（柔軟度）與800公尺跑/走（心肺耐力）、立定跳遠（瞬發力）。研究結果顯示，不同性別國小學童在體育課態度、身體活動量與健康體能分數上，達顯著差異(p＜.05)，國小男生體育課態度明顯較女生積極、身體活動量較大，且男生的健康體能綜合表現也較女生優秀；國小學童的體育課態度與身體活動量達顯著正相關（p＜.05），身體活動量與健康體能表現達顯著正相關（p＜.05），但體育課態度與健康體能表現則無顯著相關（p＞.05）。

This study aimed to understand the status and the relationship among physical education attitudes, physical activity magnitude and physical fitness of elementary school students. Furthermore, the differences caused by gender factors in physical education attitudes, physical activity magnitude and physical fitness were examined.
The participants in the study were fifth and sixth graders of an elementary school in Kaohsiung. Except for the incomplete questionnaires and those participants who did not take the physical fitness tests, there were 306 valid samples and thus the effective recovery rate was 87.4%. Regarding students’ attitudes toward the physical education in school, Sports Attitude Scale was administered. Besides, the data of children's physical activity magnitude were collected with PAQ-C (The Physical Activity Questionnaire for Older Children). As for the physical fitness, the tests issued by the Department of Physical Education in Ministry of Education were implemented, including the measurement of height and weight (body mass index), one minute sit-ups (muscular strength and endurance), sit and reach test (flexibility), 800m run or walk (cardiovascular endurance) and standing long jump (power).
The results showed that elementary school students of different genders had significantly different attitudes toward physical education classes, physical activity magnitude and physical fitness (p＜.05). Elementary school boys had more positive attitudes toward physical education classes and greater amount of physical activity magnitude than girls. Besides, elementary school boys performed better physical health than girls. Moreover, the findings revealed that there was a significant positive correlation between elementary school children's physical education attitudes and physical activity magnitude (p＜.05). Also, physical activity magnitude and physical fitness performed a significant positive correlation (p＜.05). But there were no significant correlation between physical education attitudes and physical fitness (p＞.05).

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