隨核子醫學於疾病影像診斷與治療的蓬勃發展，核醫體內劑量評估也越發重要。為了評估核醫藥物在體內造成的輻射劑量，美國核醫學會的醫學體內劑量委員會(MIRD)，發展一系列劑量評估模式可供體內劑量評估。然而，該方法僅提供參考人器官以及假設射源器官均勻活度分布下的劑量，而套用在每個病人上而值得商確。為有效描述病人個體差異的不同，造成體內吸收劑量的差異，應用蒙地卡羅方法可考慮到病人體內密度與原子序變異造成的劑量沉積，客制化的評估出病人劑量是一個很有效方法。本研究選用專為核子醫學成像模擬所設計的SimSET（Simulation System for Emission Tomography）蒙地卡羅模擬系統，此套系統以其效率著稱，但其並未擁有劑量模擬功能。因此我們以此套蒙地卡羅為基礎，利用系統所提供的光子歷程資訊，發展一套劑量計算工具，以進行體內劑量評估。為證明此套劑量計算軟體於體內劑量計算上的可行性，我們利用目前廣為使用之體內劑量模擬系統MCNP（Monte Carlo N-Particle Code）佐以驗證。實驗結果顯示，光子模擬之百分誤差大多落於正負10% 間，總體模擬射源器官劑量沉積百分誤差可在10%以內。但SimSET在模擬速度上比MCNP快了一倍，較具效率，甚至更可採用SimSET本身的變異數減低技術再進一度提升。同時，我們亦將此套系統應用在一臨床病例上，目前研究成果可利用圖形介面取得於特定時間點下的劑量分佈；相信未來可藉由輸入組織累積活度分布進行整體劑量評估。

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