研究生: |
林蘭婷 |
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論文名稱: |
幼兒心智理論、利社會道德推理與利社會行為之研究 |
指導教授: | 陳文玲 |
口試委員: | |
學位類別: |
碩士 Master |
系所名稱: |
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論文出版年: | 2009 |
畢業學年度: | 97 |
語文別: | 中文 |
中文關鍵詞: | 幼兒 、心智理論 、意向理解 、情緒理解 、利社會道德推理 、利社會行為 、助人行為 、分享行為 |
外文關鍵詞: | preschoolers, Theory of Mind, intention, emotion understanding, prosocial moral reasoning, prosocial behavior, helping behavior, sharing behavior |
相關次數: | 點閱:3 下載:0 |
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本研究旨在了解幼兒心智理論、利社會道德推理與利社會行為之相關。研究對象來自台灣中部兩所公立幼稚園四歲及六歲幼兒,共60位。本研究採用之研究工具為「心智理論測驗」(意向理解作業、情緒理解作業)、「利社會道德推理故事晤談測驗」與「利社會行為情境測驗」(助人行為、分享行為)三部份。所得資料以描述統計、二因子單變量變異數分析、積差相關及逐步多元迴歸等統計方法進行分析。結果顯示幼兒在意向理解與情緒理解表現,不同年齡幼兒皆呈現顯著差異;年齡大者在各種心智理論作業表現越佳,至於不同性別幼兒於各項心智理論作業表現上無顯著差異存在。幼兒的利社會道德推理表現,助人意願高之幼兒較多的推理,隸屬利社會道德推理階段二之『需求取向』。六歲幼兒於利社會道德推理的表現顯著優於四歲幼兒;年齡大者利社會道德推理表現較佳,但性別則不影響幼兒的利社會道德推理表現。在利社會行為表現上,不同年齡層幼兒助人行為表現並無顯著差異,但男生助人行為次數顯著優於女生。在分享行為部分,六歲幼兒的分享行為頻率顯著高於四歲幼兒,但是此行為表現則不受性別影響。
幼兒心智理論、利社會道德推理與利社會行為之相關部分,幼兒的心智理論中之意向理解的表現與利社會道德推理表現有顯著關係,幼兒對於他人意向理解能力發展較成熟者,利社會道德推理表現相對較好。但是幼兒情緒理解能力與利社會道德推理表現則無顯著關係,此外,不同利社會道德推理表現之幼兒其利社會行為(助人行為、分享行為)十分相近,並無顯著差異。
另外,幼兒在心智理論中之情緒理解影響分享行為表現,但是,在助人行為方面則不受到幼兒整體心智理論表現的影響。
雖然,幼兒心智理論及利社會道德推理皆無法預測助人行為;但是,幼兒心智理論中的情緒理解能有效預測個體之分享行為,對於分享行為之解釋量為9.2%,彼此間存有正相關,意即幼兒情緒理解能力越佳者,其分享行為表現越頻繁。
The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships among theory of mind, prosocial moral reasoning and prosocial behavior. Sixty 4-and-6-year-old children from two public kindergartens in the central region of Taiwan were recruited for the study. Besides the tasks of theory of mind and prosocial moral reasoning, children’s prosocial behavior was also examined through structured interviews. Results indicate that children’s intention attribution is related to prosocial moral reasoning and the emotional understanding makes a good prediction to sharing behavior.
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