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研究生： 羅孟翔
Lo, Meng-Hsiang
論文名稱： 超臨界流體萃取薑黃素及其萃取物之成分鑑定與抗氧化活性之探討
Supercritical Fluid Extraction of Curcumin and Ingredient Identification/Antioxidant Activity
指導教授： 凌永健
Ling, Yong-Chien
口試委員: 黃賢達
Huang, Shang-Da
陳貴通
Tan, Kui-Thong
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 理學院 - 化學系
Department of Chemistry
論文出版年： 2018
畢業學年度： 106
語文別： 中文
論文頁數： 82
中文關鍵詞： 超臨界流體 、薑黃素 、成分鑑定 、抗氧化活性
外文關鍵詞： Supercritical Fluid, Curcumin, Ingredient Identification, Antioxidant Activity
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    • 醫藥進步使得人類的壽命越來越長，因為年老而衍生的健康問題益形明顯，因此，近年來抗氧化的營養補充品及健康食品逐漸受到消費者的重視。薑黃素相關產品為目前熱門的抗氧化商品，但市面上薑黃產品種類繁多且品質參差不齊，消費者難免有選購上的疑慮。
    本論文中第一部分以超臨界二氧化碳搭配田口方法萃取薑黃素，設計出最適化萃取條件：(a)萃取壓力：350 bar、(b)萃取溫度：60 ℃、(c)靜態萃取時間：15分鐘、(d)動態萃取時間：30分鐘、(e)修飾劑量(95%乙醇)：1 mL、(f)流速：2 L/min及(g)收集條件：冰浴下，收集於60 mL長型樣品瓶。在此萃取條件下，薑黃素的萃取回收率可達75%。
    第二部分以氣相層析質譜儀鑑定48種薑黃萃取物和市售樣品之成分，比較其組成差異後，找出4-tert-Butylacetophenone、α-Humulene、β-Himachalene和γ-Elemene四種物質可作為部分印度產薑黃之指標物，未來可作為檢驗是否摻偽的判斷依據。接著以總酚含量及清除DPPH自由基能力評估薑黃萃取物之抗氧化活性，證明了經最適化萃取條件下得到之薑黃萃取物比市售樣品有較佳的抗氧化能力。最後，以最適化萃取條件下得到之薑黃萃取物與人工合成抗氧化劑BHT比較兩者於不同濃度下清除DPPH自由基能力，可得其IC50 (19.4 μg/mL)低於人工合成抗氧化劑BHT之IC50 (49.5 μg/mL)，證明了經最適化萃取條件下得到薑黃萃取物之抗氧化能力優於人工合成抗氧化劑BHT，未來可作取代之用。

    In the first part of the thesis, SC-CO2 was combined with Taguchi method to optimize the extraction of curcumin, and then the optimum extraction conditions were obtained: (a) Pressure: 350 bar, (b) Temperature: 60 ℃, (c) Static extraction time: 15 minutes, (d) Dynamic extraction time: 30 minutes, (e) Modifier (95% ethanol): 1 mL, (f) Flow rate: 2 L/min, and (g) Collection devices: 60 mL sample vial in an ice bath. Under this extraction conditions, the recovery of curcumin can reach 75%.
    In the second part, 48 different ingredients from turmeric extracts and commercially available samples were identified by GC-MS. 4-tert-butylbenzene, α-humerene, β-Himachalene, and γ-Elemene can be used as marker for some turmerics from India. The antioxidant activity of turmeric extracts was evaluated by the total phenolic content and DPPH free radical scavenging activity. It was proved that the antioxidant ability of turmeric extracts obtained under the optimum extraction conditions is better than that of commercially available samples. Finally, the IC50 of turmeric extracts obtained under the optimum extraction conditions (19.4 μg/mL) is lower than the IC50 of the synthetic antioxidant BHT (49.5μg/mL), which make turmeric extracts obtained under the optimum extraction conditions a potential substitute of BHT.

    摘要 i Abstract ii 誌謝辭 iii 目錄 iv 圖目錄 vii 表目錄 x 第一章 緒論 1 1-1.研究動機與目的 1 1-2.薑黃素 1 1-2-1.薑黃 1 1-2-2.薑黃素 5 1-3.儀器原理 8 1-3-1.超臨界流體萃取儀 8 1-3-2.高效液相層析儀 12 1-3-3.氣相層析質譜儀 13 1-3-4.紫外-可見光分光光譜儀 14 第二章 超臨界二氧化碳萃取薑黃素 16 2-1.前言 16 2-2.研究方法 16 2-2-1.超臨界流體萃取 16 2-2-2.實驗計畫法 29 2-3.實驗部分 30 2-3-1.樣品 30 2-3-2.實驗藥品 31 2-3-3.實驗設備 31 2-3-4.實驗流程 32 2-4.結果與討論 36 2-4-1.田口方法 36 2-4-2.最適化萃取條件 42 第三章 薑黃萃取物成分鑑定與抗氧化活性探討 45 3-1.前言 45 3-2.研究方法 45 3-2-1.總酚含量測定 45 3-2-2.清除DPPH自由基能力測定 47 3-3.實驗部分 51 3-3-1.樣品 51 3-3-2.實驗藥品 51 3-3-3.實驗設備 52 3-3-4.實驗流程 53 3-4.結果與討論 56 3-4-1.薑黃萃取物氣相層析圖譜分析 56 3-4-2.薑黃萃取物成分分析 61 3-4-3.抗氧化活性探討 63 第四章 結論與展望 68 參考文獻 69 附錄 75

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