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研究生： 孫志光
論文名稱： 奈米碳管複合材料電磁波屏蔽性質之研究
指導教授： 戴念華
口試委員:
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 工學院 - 材料科學工程學系
Materials Science and Engineering
論文出版年： 2005
畢業學年度： 93
語文別： 中文
論文頁數： 74
中文關鍵詞： 奈米碳管 、電磁波屏蔽 、複合材料 、電磁波
相關次數： 點閱：2  下載：0 
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    • 自從奈米碳管被發現以後，由於其具有優異的機械性質與物理性質所以備受矚目。因為碳管具有良好的導電性以及高的長徑比，因此推測它在電磁波的屏蔽上應有不錯的表現。本研究以化學氣相沈積法可以成功製備高品質單壁、多壁奈米碳管，也利用其他奈米金屬粉末，添加到PMMA基材當中形成複合材料，研究其電磁屏蔽性質。對於添加金屬粉末所形成的複合材料，本研究發現添加單壁奈米碳管及奈米金屬粉的複合材料，具有較佳的屏蔽值，在單獨使用一種強化材時，效果則較差。強化材料的形狀與連續性也會有所影響，本實驗所製作之未粉碎奈米碳管/PMMA複合材料，在添加量不到2 wt%的情形下，其電磁波遮蔽效果就可達到20dB以上。

    中文摘要………………………………………………………………..Ⅰ 誌謝……………………………………………………………………..Ⅱ 目錄……………………………………………………………………..Ⅲ 表目錄…………………………………………………………………..Ⅵ 圖目錄…………………………………………………………………..Ⅶ 第一章、 前言............................................................................................1 第二章、 文獻回顧 ..................................................................................4 2.1 奈米碳管簡介...................................................................................4 2.1.1 奈米碳管的發現..........................................................................4 2.1.2 奈米碳管結構與性質..................................................................4 2.2 奈米碳管製程...................................................................................6 2.2.1 電弧放電法……..........................................................................6 2.2.2 雷射蒸發法……………………………………………………..7 2.2.3 化學氣相沈積法..........................................................................7 2.3 EIM原理............................................................................................8 2.3.1 電磁波干擾理論..........................................................................8 2.3.2 電磁遮蔽理論............................................................................10 2.4 電磁屏蔽發展歷史.........................................................................12 2.5 電磁屏蔽技術……………………………………………………...13 第三章、 實驗步驟與分析方法..............................................................22 3.1 CVD流動觸媒法製備單壁與多壁奈米碳管................................22 3.2 單壁奈米碳管之純化與粉碎.........................................................23 3.3 電磁波屏蔽複合材料的備製.........................................................24 3.4 分析儀器.........................................................................................25 3.4.1 掃描穿遂式電子顯微鏡............................................................25 3.4.2 穿透式電子顯微鏡....................................................................26 3.4.3 拉曼光譜儀................................................................................26 3.5 電磁波屏蔽效率量測.....................................................................27 3.5.1 量測設備....................................................................................28 3.5.2 量測架構....................................................................................28 3.5.3 量測步驟....................................................................................28 第四章、 結果與討論..............................................................................38 4.1 CVD流動觸媒法製備單壁與多壁奈米碳管................................38 4.1.1 單壁奈米碳管的製備................................................................38 4.1.2 多壁奈米碳管的製備................................................................40 4.1.3 單壁奈米碳管的純化................................................................41 4.1.4 奈米碳管的粉碎........................................................................42 4.2 電磁波屏蔽量測數據分析.............................................................42 4.3 薄試片(0.1 mm)電磁屏蔽性質......................................................43 4.3.1 溶劑對複合材料的影響............................................................43 4.3.2 不同強化材料的屏蔽效果........................................................43 4.3.3 雙強化材料的屏蔽效果............................................................44 4.4 熱壓成型試片(0.5 mm)屏蔽效果..................................................45 4.4.1 粉末狀強化材料屏蔽效果........................................................45 4.4.2 碳管巨觀形貌之影響................................................................46 4.4.3 純化之影響................................................................................47 4.4.4 多種強化材料屏蔽效果............................................................47 4.4.5 多壁奈米碳管絨球屏蔽效果....................................................48 4.4.6 其他強化材料電磁波屏蔽性質................................................49 4.5 不同形狀鋁箔紙之屏蔽效果.........................................................49 第五章、 結論..........................................................................................68 第六章、 參考文獻..................................................................................70 表目錄 頁次 表3-1 PMMA材料特性...........................................................................30 表3-2 奈米碳管各模式的相關波數表………………………………..30 表4-1 單壁奈米碳管製程參數………………………………………..50 表4-2 多壁奈米碳管製程參數..............................................................50 圖目錄 頁次 圖1-1 電磁遮蔽材料分類................................................3 圖2-1 碳的四種結構：鑽石 、石墨 、C60 、奈米碳管……………15 圖2-2 單壁奈米碳管的三種結構圖(a)扶手椅型(b)鋸齒型(c)螺旋型………………………………………………………………15 圖2-3 奈米碳管結構向量示意圖……………………………………16 圖2-4 電弧放電法裝置示意圖………………………………………17 圖2-5 雷射蒸發法裝置示意圖………………………………………17 圖2-6 流動催化法裝置示意圖………………………………………18 圖2-7 電磁共容分類圖………………………………………………18 圖2-8 典型電腦之電磁波干擾途徑………………………………19 圖2-9 電磁波的行進示意圖……………………………………19 圖2-10 波阻抗與觀察點至輻射源距離的關係…………………20 圖2-11 電磁波屏蔽機制示意圖………………………………………21 圖3-1 實驗流程圖……………………………………………………31 圖3-2 CVD流動觸媒法裝置簡圖……………………………………32 圖3-3 MMA之結構……………………………………………………33 圖3-4 金屬模具三視圖………………………………………………33 圖3-5 熱壓機…………………………………………………………34 圖3-6 掃描穿遂式電子顯微鏡………………………………………34 圖3-7 穿透式電子顯微鏡……………………………………………35 圖3-8 拉曼光譜儀……………………………………………………35 圖3-9 單壁奈米碳管之拉曼光譜……………………………………36 圖3-10 EMI測量架構簡圖……………………………………………36 圖3-11 EMI量測設備圖(大同大學材料系)…………………………37 圖4-1 單壁奈米碳管形貌及重量……………………………………51 圖4-2 單壁奈米碳管SEM圖×100000………………………………51 圖4-3 單壁奈米碳管SEM圖×50000…………………………………52 圖4-4 (a)單壁奈米碳管拉曼光譜分析圖(b)RBM訊號………………53 圖4-5 單壁奈米碳管TEM圖形………………………………………54 圖4-6 多壁奈米碳管SEM圖×10000…………………………………55 圖4-7 多壁奈米碳管SEM圖×50000…………………………………55 圖4-8 多壁奈米碳管拉曼光譜分析圖………………………………56 圖4-9 多壁奈米碳管TEM圖………………………………………57 圖4-10 純化後單壁奈米碳管SEM圖×10000………………………58 圖4-11 純化後單壁奈米碳管×50000…………………………………58 圖4-12 (a)純化後單壁奈米碳管拉曼光譜分析圖(b)RBM訊號……59 圖4-13 不同含量單壁奈米碳管粉末EMI SE………………………60 圖4-14 不同含量多壁奈米碳管粉末EMI SE………………………60 圖4-15 不同含量奈米鎳粉EMI SE…………………………………61 圖4-16 不同含量奈米銀粉EMI SE…………………………………61 圖4-17 不同含量SWNT/Ag/PMMA複合材料EMI SE……………62 圖4-18 不同含量SWNT/Ni/PMMA複合材料EMI SE……………62 圖4-19 10 wt%之各種複合材料EMI SE……………………………63 圖4-20 20 wt%之各種複合材料EMI SE……………………………63 圖4-21 1 wt%粉末狀強化材料EMI SE………………………………64 圖4-22 三種不同形貌碳管EMI SE：(A)線狀(B)團狀(C)薄膜狀…64 圖4-23 純化前後團狀奈米碳管EMI SE……………………………65 圖4-24 1wt%厚度0.5 mm複合式強化材料EMI SE…………………65 圖4-25 1wt%多壁奈米碳管絨球EMI SE…………………………66 圖4-26 10 wt%長碳纖維EMI SE……………………………………66 圖4-27 各種形狀鋁箔紙貼附在玻璃基板上之EMI SE(A)條狀(B)網目狀(C)板狀……………………………………………………67

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