Illness is ubiquitous in contemporary Tayal society. Each member of the community experiences and is affected by illness either directly or indirectly making it an important topic of study. I lived in the tribes with the locals in order to understand their interpretations of illness and healing. Healing narratives provided an emic understanding of their embodied experience of both illness and healing. Immersion within the social community permitted and understanding of how attitudes and interpretations of illness and healing are constructed.
The clear overarching research goal of this thesis was to understand local explanatory models for etiologies of illness and the healing processes in relation to social structure and religion. Corollary to this was providing traditional accounts of healing in order to determine continuity and disjuncture in values and practice and how this might have affected the somatic modes of attention (positive attitudes). The key modalities for presenting the evidence of healing were through individual and social accounts of healing. These modalities were chosen in order to avoid prejudice or too heavy of reliance on theory and Western conceptual understanding of illness and healing.
Vicissitudes in moral and cultural values have led to the contemporary problematic social situation. Where Tayal social structure and values traditionally emphasized duty to the community and ancestral spirits; contemporary values are multiple and heterogeneous. While the tribe and the traditional social codes do retain some significance, and the Sky Spirit (God) is of utmost importance to many, individualism as a value has led to the deconstruction of social structures and supportive social groupings. Healing is most efficacious when the individual possesses a positive somatic mode of attention and are active agents in their healing. The technologies of healing have changed. Christianity plays a vital role in producing positive somatic modes of attention and providing the individual with opportunities to practice agency in their own healing process.
This thesis provides information on the social aspect of illness for use in combination with the plethora of medical information currently available. It also is the first thesis to provide and ethnographic account of contemporary Tayal society for this specific region.

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