對於學生而言，學習成效除了教師素質與教材內容有關之外，根據學者研究學習成效與人格特質之間存在著關連性，對於教師瞭解學生人格特質將有助於提升學生學習效果，使用筆跡學之理論建立人格特質分析系統，採用機器學習技術來建立預測模組，並分析筆跡特徵與人格特質之間的關連性，以協助教師隨時掌握學生人格特質資訊，進而調整教學策略與輔導方式以達適性化教學目標。
本論文建構具有人格特質判斷分析系統，包含一套記錄數位筆跡之工具與一套筆跡特徵分析之系統，採用了40種筆跡特徵以及四種人格特質，其中記錄數位筆跡之工具能重複使用並同時多人進行參與測驗；筆跡特徵分析之系統具有33項全自動化與6項半自動化分析筆跡特徵，測驗完後人格特質判斷分析系統將能立即給予教師回饋，與傳統筆跡測量方式相比，大大縮短人力與時間上的問題。
本論文研究分析採用機器學習技術，使用決策樹與貝氏網路兩種方法，決策樹幫助教師快速判斷學生人格特質與分類規則，並以圖形方式表示讓教師清楚明瞭，進而探討筆跡特徵與人格特質之間的關連性；而貝氏網路則判斷筆跡特徵與人格特質之間的因果關係，作為筆跡治療法提供之依據，提出輔助方法以協助教師事後改善調整學生缺乏或過度之人格特質。

Recent researches indicated that there exist relationships between students’ personality characteristic and learning performance. Therefore, teachers need to detect students’ personality characteristic and then promote students to learn in an efficient way. This paper established a system for teachers to detect and analysis students’ personality characteristic with graphology theory and machine learning technology.
Two machine learning technologies were employed in this research: decision tree and Bayesian network. The decision tree assists teachers to predict students’ personality by the classification rules. It also illustrates the relationships between handwriting traits and personality graphlicaly. Meanwhile, the Bayesian network assists teachers to explore the causal relationship of handwriting traits and personality graphicaly. Therefore teachers can improve students to learn by considering students’ personality effects.
The result illustrates that there were 40 kinds of handwriting traits and 4 kinds of personality characteristics extracted succefully in a short time. Thus, teachers can reduce the efforts to detect student’s personality characteristics by using this system, and then adjust his/her teaching strategy for adating students to learn.

[1] 九年一貫課程-數學基本理念. 2004 [cited; Available from: http://teach.eje.edu.tw/9CC/fields/2003/math.php.
[2] 吉田公一, 筆跡印文鑑定參考手冊. 2003, 內政部警政署刑事警察局刑事鑑識中心.
[3] 李昭慶, 電腦化離線筆跡鑑定, in 刑事警察研究所. 2002, 中央警察大學. p. 62.
[4] 杜玉祥, 趙繼超, and 馬曉燕, 數學差生的人格特質研究. 數學教育學報, 2001. 10(2): p. 9-16.
[5] 孟慶茂 and 趙增梅, 快速書寫條件下硬筆筆跡變量與認知及個性特徵的關係. 心理科學, 1997. 20: p. 7-10.
[6] 林生傳, 新教學理論與策略. 1997, 台北市: 五南圖書.
[7] 林宗鴻 and 柏格, 人格心理學. 2003, 台北市: 揚智文化發行
[8] 林書聖, 以一個隱藏式馬可夫模型與模糊理論用於手寫筆跡心理學的文件處理與分析, in 電子工程研究所. 2005, 中原大學. p. 59.
[9] 林進材, 教學理論與方法. 1999, 台北市: 五南圖書.
[10] 金一貴, 書寫心理與優良個性培養. 廈門教育學院學報, 2001. 3(3): p. 30-35.
[11] 翁淑緣, 漢字筆跡與人格關係之研究. 國立政治大學學報, 1981. 44: p. 79-97.
[12] 高博銓, 教學論-理念與實施. 2007, 台北市: 五南圖書.
[13] 涂麗雲, 筆跡分析與鑑定. 2001, 北京: 中國人民公安大學出版社.
[14] 張卿華 and 王文英, 漢字筆跡與個性測評研究. 心理科學, 1998. 21(4): p. 301-305,382.
[15] 張福全, 漢字筆跡特徵之分類. 和肥學院學報(社會科學版), 2006. 23(4): p. 59-62.
[16] 陳孟琪, 國民中學情緒障礙學生書寫筆跡特徵之研究. 中華民國特殊教育學會年刊, 2005: p. 75-101.
[17] 陳招財, 手寫字風格辨識研究, in 應用藝術研究所. 2004, 國立交通大學. p. 52.
[18] 陳虎生, 筆跡鑑定的探討. 警學叢刊, 1996. 26(5): p. 17-29.
[19] 陳睿 and 童隆, 筆跡分析在人才素質測評領域的研究述評. 重慶職業技術學院學報, 2005. 14(4): p. 51-53.
[20] 童輝傑, 西方筆跡心理學研究的發展與評價. 心理學動態, 2001. 9(3): p. 276-281.
[21] 童輝傑, 筆跡、人格及能力測驗在人員選拔中效度的比較. 心理科學, 2003. 26(2): p. 362-363.
[22] 筆相學. 大英百科全書. 2008 [cited; Available from: http://wordpedia.eb.com/tbol/article?i=030811.
[23] 楊國樞 and 林碧峰, 中文筆跡與人格：一項探索性研究. 國立台灣大學心理學系研究報告, 1964. 6: p. 39-62.
[24] 楊道可, 以英文筆跡衡量中國人領導風格, in 人力資源管理研究所. 2004, 國立中央大學. p. 34.
[25] 詹焯然, 手寫數位簽名的生物特徵研究, in 資訊工程與科學系. 2004, 東海大學. p. 44.
[26] 趙慶梅, 個人筆跡與職業選擇. 中國人才, 1999. 5: p. 48-50.
[27] 趙慶梅, 筆跡與人的個性. 中國人才, 2002. 2: p. 42-43.
[28] 劉加艷, 鄭全全, and 時勘, 中文筆跡分析研究進展. 心理科學, 2005. 28(2): p. 442-443.
[29] 鄭日昌, 一分鐘筆跡心理學. 2002, 台北: 21世紀文化.
[30] 韓進, 怎樣從筆跡看性格. 1993, 廣東: 華南理工大學出版社.
[31] Adeyemo, D.A. and M.O. Adetona, A Path Analytic Study of the Personality Factors Affecting Students’ Learning Outcomes in Mathematics. Editor-In-chief or e, 2007. 18(1): p. 118-133.
[32] Alston, J. and J. Taylor, Handwriting: Theory, Research and Practice. 1987, New York: Croom Helm.
[33] Beyerstein, B.L. and D.F. Beyerstein, The write stuff: Evaluations of graphology, the study of handwriting analysis. 1992, Amherst, NY: Prometheus Books. The write stuff: Evaluations of graphology, the study of handwriting analysis. 515.
[34] Birge, W., An experimental inquiry into the measurable handwriting correlates of five personality traits. Journal of Personality, 1954. 23: p. 215-223.
[35] Boekaerts, M., Personality and the psychology of learning. European Journal of Personality, 1996. 10(5): p. 377-404.
[36] Booth, G., The use of graphology in medicine. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 1937. 86: p. 674-679.
[37] Briggs-Myers, I. and M.H. McCaulley, Manual: A Guide to the Development and Use of the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator. 1985, Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologists Press.
[38] Brightman, H.J. GSU Master Teacher Program: On Learning Styles. 2007 [cited; Available from: http://www2.gsu.edu/~dschjb/wwwmbti.html.
[39] Brown, R.M., A Determination of Attitudes toward Mathematics and an Analysis of Factors Which are Associated with Negative Attitudes toward Mathematics of Students at an Urban Community College: A Descriptive Study. 1979.
[40] Colombe, P.D.S. and S. Colombe, Grapho-therapeutics: pen and pencil therapy. 1979: Borden Pub Co.
[41] de Surany, M., Medical Graphology. 1991: Red Wheel/Weiser.
[42] Dictionary of Human Resource Management. 2001: Oxford University Press.
[43] Furnham, A., T. Chamorro-Premuzic, and I. Callahn, Does Graphology Predict Personality and Intelligence? Individual Differences Research, 2003. 1(2): p. 78-94.
[44] Furnham, A., C.J. Jackson, and T. Miller, Personality, learning style and work performance. Personality and Individual Differences, 1999. 27(6): p. 1113-1122.
[45] Gardner, R., Instant handwriting analysis : a key to personal success. Llewellyn's self-help series. 1989, St. Paul, Minn., U.S.A.: Llewellyn Publications.
[46] Garth, T., The handwriting of Indians. Journal of Educational Psychology, 1931. 22(9): p. 705-709.
[47] Garth, T., M. Mitchell, and C. Anthony, The handwriting of negroes. Journal of Educational Psychology, 1939. 30(1): p. 69-73.
[48] Gold, S.F., E. Chenoweth, and J. Zaleski, SIGNATURE FOR SUCCESS: How to Analyze and Improve Your Career, Your Relationships and Your Life (Book). Publishers Weekly, 2003. 250(49): p. 59-59.
[49] Graphology - what is it? 2008-05-01 [cited; Available from: http://www.collegeofgraphology.co.uk/graphology1.htm.
[50] Hamstra-Bletz, L. and A.W. Blote, A Longitudinal Study on Dysgraphic Handwriting in Primary School. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 1993. 26(10): p. 689-99.
[51] Handwriting Analysis May Be Put to Scientific Test. The Science News-Letter, 1942. 42(7): p. 111.
[52] handwritingcenter.com. HANDWRITING ANALYSIS SOFTWARE 6.3. [cited; Available from: http://www.handwritingcenter.com/software.htm.
[53] Head, J., Personality and the Learning of Mathematics. Educational Studies in Mathematics, 1981. 12(3): p. 339.
[54] Heckerman, D., D. Geiger, and D.M. Chickering, Learning Bayesian networks: The combination of knowledge and statistical data. Machine Learning, 1995. 20(3): p. 197-243.
[55] Hill, B., Graphology. 1981: Robert Hale.
[56] Kao, H., Shufa: Chinese calligraphic handwriting (CCH) for health and behavioural therapy. International Journal of Psychology, 2006. 41: p. 282-286.
[57] Kim, D.H. and M.-J. Kim, A curvature estimation for pen input segmentation in sketch-based modeling. Computer-Aided Design, 2006. 38(3): p. 238-248.
[58] Kirsten Hall, H., Practical guide to handwriting analysis. 1999: Black Dog & Leventhal Pub.
[59] Klimoski, R.J. and A. Rafaeli, Inferring personal qualities through handwriting analysis. Journal of Occupational Psychology, 1983. 56(3): p. 191-202.
[60] Kuczynski, C.J. ADA: Disability-Related Inquiries and Medical Examinations. 2000 2007 [cited; Available from: http://www.eeoc.gov/foia/letters/2000/ada_inquiries_examinations_2.html.
[61] Kurtz, D., et al., CEOs: A Handwriting Analysis. Business Horizons, 1989. 32(1): p. 41-3.
[62] Loewenthal, K., HANDWRITING AND SELF-PRESENTATION. Journal of Social Psychology, 1975. 96(2): p. 267.
[63] Lorr, M., L.T. Lepine, and J.V. Golder, A Factor Analysis of Some Handwriting Characteristics. Journal of Personality, 1954. 22(3): p. 348.
[64] Low, T.J. Graphology / Handwriting Analysis Computer Software list. 2008 [cited; Available from: http://web.singnet.com.sg/~tjlow/gclub/gcswlst.htm.
[65] Luca, E.S., Major aptitudes and personality characteristics of 42 dental students as evaluated through their handwriting. N Y J Dent, 1973. 43(9): p. 281-3.
[66] MBTI. 2008 [cited; Available from: http://www.kerith.net/MBTI.html.
[67] McNeal, J.U., Graphology: A New Marketing Research Technique. Journal of Marketing Research, 1967. 4(4): p. 363-367.
[68] Menon, V. Write Away Your Problems. 2006 [cited; Available from: http://www.indianexpress.com/sunday/story/11891.html.
[69] Michaels, G., M. Maze, and D. Hodos. Handwriting Analyst© Graphology Software for Personality Profiling. 2008 [cited; Available from: http://www.garthmichaels.com/.
[70] Mitchell, T.M., Machine Learning. 1997, New York: MIT 154-200.
[71] Mouly, S., et al., Graphology for the diagnosis of suicide attempts: a blind proof of principle controlled study. International Journal of Clinical Practice, 2007. 61(3): p. 411-415.
[72] Myers, I.B. and M.H. McCaulley, Manual: A guide to the development and use of the Myers-Briggs type indicator. 1985, Palo Alto: Consulting Psychologists.
[73] Peeples, E.E. and P.D. Retzlaff, A component analysis of handwriting. Journal of General Psychology, 1991. 118(4): p. 369.
[74] Phelps, J., L. Stempel, and G. Speck, The Children's Handwriting Scale: A New Diagnostic Tool. Journal of Educational Research, 1985. 79(1).
[75] Quinn, C., Eyes aren't the only windows to the soul, in TAIPEI TIMES. 2006, The Taipei Times: TAIPEI. p. 13.
[76] Riding, R.J. and J.M. Armstrong, Sex and Personality Differences in Performance on Mathematics Tests in 11-year-old Children. Educational Studies, 1982. 8(3): p. 217-25.
[77] Satow, R. and J. Rector, Using Gestalt graphology to identify entrepreneurial leadership. Perceptual & Motor Skills, 1995. 81(1): p. 263.
[78] Shachter, R.D., Probabilistic inference and influence diagrams. Operations Research, 1988. 36(4): p. 589-604.
[79] Simner, M.L. and R.D. Goffin, A Position Statement by the International Graphonomics Society on the Use of Graphology in Personnel Selection Testing. International Journal of Testing, 2003. 3(4): p. 353-364.
[80] Stoller, R.J., Can Self-Concept Be Improved in a Group of Children by Changing Certain Handwriting Strokes in Their Writing? 1973.
[81] Weisser, E., A diagnostic study of Indian handwriting. Journal of Educational Psychology, 1932. 23(9): p. 703-707.
[82] Witten, I.H. and E. Frank, Data Mining: Practical Machine Learning Tools and Techniques (Second Edition). 2005, San Francisco: Morgan Kaufmann.