摘 要
偽裝在軍事戰略上扮演著極為重要的角色，偽裝的最大目的為欺騙敵方的眼睛，即便敵方是以光學儀器來偵測偽裝，但多數儀器量測的結果仍需以肉眼來判讀，因此偽裝的研究主要還是落在視知覺的領域上。目前對於偵測偽裝效果的研究多集中於視光學領域，對於視覺搜尋行為方面的研究甚少。

本研究將以眼動追蹤方式來記錄在林地、城市及郊區的背景下，目標的藏匿位置是否會對人員進行偵蒐作業的績效產生影響，並進一步分析眼動軌跡，以人因的視覺評估方法，對人員視覺搜尋行為做一深入的探討，歸納出在不同環境下，適合的目標藏匿地點參考。

本研究結果指出目標藏在場景中間最容易被敵人所發現。整體而言，目標藏在人視野最左側偽裝效果最好，且人在進行偵搜偽裝目標作業時，通常會先注視場景的中央，接著會花費較多的時間搜尋視野左側及中央側的景物。此種搜尋的習性可用來當作軍事偽裝設置位置的參考。

人對目標的搜尋習慣除可應用於藏匿位置參考、偽裝效能評估等軍事用途外，其它各個層面如網頁設計和監控系統等皆可應用此視覺搜尋行為來改善其作業的效能。

關鍵字: 偽裝、視覺搜尋、眼動追蹤、人因評估

Abstract
Camouflage plays an important role in military strategy. The major purpose of camouflage is to deceive human eyes. Even if human use optical instrument to detect camouflage, the results display on the instrument still have to be identified by human eyes. However, most of the Human Factor researches of camouflage are regarding optics, while very few studies deal with visual search behavior.

This research used eye tracking methodology to evaluate whether the target hiding position and the types of scenes influenced human searching performance or not. One step further, the research investigated the human visual search behavior with the assessment of visual attention. Finally the results would summarize the reference for suitable camouflage position in variable environments.

The result of this research showed that the target hid in center position would easily be detected. In general, the target hid in the most left part from human’s view get better camouflage effect. During visual search task, subjects usually took a first look in the central of the scene. Then subjects would spend more time doing detail search for the center and left area. This searching behavior could be used as a reference for suitable camouflage position.

The searching behavior of people could be applied to the military application such as camouflage position and camouflage evaluation. Moreover, many aspects such as web site design and traffic signs design could also refer the pattern of searching behavior and utilize it to improve the efficiency of the task.

Keywords: camouflage, visual search, eye tracking, searching behavior

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