切換式磁阻馬達驅動系統之性能改善研究｜國立清華大學博碩士論文庫

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研究生：	蘇持恆 Chih-Heng Su
論文名稱：	切換式磁阻馬達驅動系統之性能改善研究 PERFORMANCE IMPROVEMENT STUDY FOR A SWITCHED RELUCTANCE MOTOR DRIVE
指導教授：	廖聰明 Chang-Ming Liaw
口試委員:
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	電機資訊學院 - 電機工程學系 Department of Electrical Engineering
論文出版年：	2002
畢業學年度：	90
語文別：	英文
論文頁數：	110
中文關鍵詞：	切換式磁阻馬達
外文關鍵詞：	SWITCHED RELUCTANCE MOTOR
相關次數：	點閱：3 下載：0
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切換式磁阻馬達(Switched reluctance motor, SRM)具有許多結構上及所用轉換器的優點，然而由於其因雙凸結構所產生之非線性電感及高轉矩紋波等特性，使得需有巧妙之切換及控制技巧以來提高其運轉效能。本論文之主要目地在於建立一以數位訊號處理器(Digital signal processor, DSP)為主之SRM驅動系統，並從事其性能改善研究。首先，探究SRM之結構特徵及其轉換器電路，並進行所建構馬達驅動系統動態模式之推導及估測。而為了進行性能測試並實現所設計之控制架構，建立了一以數位訊號處理器為主的SRM驅動器，並利用此驅動器進行一些馬達之基本特性量測以確認其操作性能。由於磁阻馬達的非線性電感特性及非線性的線圈電流波形，使得轉換器換相時刻的調整會大幅影響其轉矩產生特性，在這個課題上，首先觀察在速度開迴路及閉迴路下，改變換相時刻對馬達轉矩產生特性所造成的影響，再依據所得到的結果進行一智慧型換向調控技術來達到所要的響應特性。
本篇論文的另一個研究課題是進行磁阻馬達驅動器上的量化及強健速度控制。首先，在所選定的工作點之下，設計了一個由一前向控制器及一迴授控制器所組成的雙自由度速度控制器，以達到所規範的速度追蹤及調節特性。在所設計的雙自由度控制器中，其前向控制器基本上由馬達在所定工作點下的反模式所組成，所以當工作點或參數發生變化的時候，將無法維持原先所設計的追蹤軌跡，為了改善這個問題，針對前向控制器加上一模糊調控機制，在文章中將詳細解說此模糊調控機構的建立方式。

最後，為提升馬達在高速下的運轉特性，本論文規劃一置於電池與SRM驅動電路間的一前端轉換器。所提之轉換器能將電池的電壓提升至更高的值，並且透過適當的連接可以將此轉換器當作具有良好電力品質的切換式整流器來對電池充電。

Switched reluctance motor (SRM) possesses many structural and converter advantages, but due to the inherent features of double saliency and the nonlinear winding inductance, its torque generating is quite nonlinear and has high torque ripple. Therefore, sophisticated switching and control technologies are needed to improve its driving performance. The purpose of this thesis is to establish a DSP-based SRM drive and perform its driving performance improvement. First, the structural features of a SRM and its converter circuits are surveyed. Then the dynamic model derivation and estimation of a SRM drive are made. For making the performance test and evaluation of the developed control techniques, a DSP-based SRM drive is established. And some experimental results are provided to show its operating characteristics. Owing to the nonlinear winding inductance and non-ideal winding current waveform, the torque generating characteristic is significantly affected by the commutation timing. In performing the research about this issue, the effects of commutation instant variation on the motor torque generating characteristics under speed open and closed loops are first observed. Then accordingly, the intuitive tuning approach is developed to achieve the desired motor driving performance.
Another purpose of this thesis is to perform the quantitative and robust speed control of the SRM drive. First, a two-degrees-of-freedom (2DOF) controller, which consists of a feedback controller and a command feedforward controller, is designed at nominal case to meet the given tracking and regulation control specifications. In the 2DOFC, the feedforward controller is basically an inverse drive dynamic model at nominal case. As the variations of parameters and operating condition occur, the desired tracking response trajectory can not be further obtained. To solve this problem, a fuzzy tuning inverse model is employed as the command feedforward controller. The development of fuzzy control scheme is described in detail.

Finally, to further improve the operating characteristic under high speed, a front-end converter placed between the battery and the SRM converter is presented. The proposed converter can boost the battery voltage to a higher value. In addition, through proper connection, the converter can be operated as a switching-mode rectifier to charge the battery with good line drawn current power quality.

Acknowledgements………………………………………………… i
Abstract…………………………………………………………… ii

List of Contents………………………………………………… iv

List of Tables…………………………………………………… vii

List of Figures……………………………………………………viii

Chapter I.  Introduction……………………………………… 1

Chapter II. Configuration and Modeling of the SRM Drive…5

1  Introduction…………………………………………………  5

2  Structure and Driving Control of SRM…………………  5

3  Some Typical Converter Circuits………………………   6

4  Physical Dynamic Modeling of SRM……………………  14

5  Parameter Estimation of the Dynamic Model……… 19

Chapter III. DSP-based SRM Drive………………………… 30

1  Introduction……………………………………………… 30

2  Some Practical Issues of Digital Control………… 30

2.1  Analysis and Design…………………………………… 30

3  The Established DSP-Based SRM Drive………………… 32

3.1  Power Circuit………………………………………… 32

3.2  DSP-based Digital Control Environment…………… 34

3.3  Operating Characteristics of the Established SRM   Drive…………………………………………………    36

Chapter IV. Intelligent Commutation Tuning……… 41

1  Introduction…………………………………………… 41

2  The Effect of Commutation Instant Variation on the Driving Performance of SRM………………………………………… 41

3  Commutation Tuning Characteristic of SRM Drive under Speed Open-Loop……………………………………………    42

3.1  The Proposed Commutation Tuning Method………… 42

3.2  Experimental Observation…………………………… 48

4  Commutation Tuning Characteristic of SRM Drive under Speed Closed-Loop……………………………………………          57

4.1  The Proposed Commutation Tuning Method………… 57

4.2  Experimental Observation…………………………… 57

5  Commutation Tuning Control…………………………… 62

5.1  Programming Control for Speed Open-Loop Operation62

5.2  Intelligent Tuning for Speed Closed-Loop Operation62

5.3  Implementation of the Designed Tuning Mechanism 64

5.4  Measured Results……………………………………… 66

Chapter V. Speed Control of the SRM Drive……………… 71

1  Introduction……………………………………………… 71

2  2DOF Speed Controller…………………………………… 71

2.1  Controller Configuration and Design Methodology 71

2.2  Simulation and Measured Results…………………… 75

3  Feedforward Control using Fuzzy Adapted Inverse Model78

3.1  Fuzzification…………………………………………… 80

3.2  Linguistic Control Rules Establishment……………80

3.3  Defuzzification………………………………………… 84

3.4  Design and Simulation Results……………………… 87

3.5  Experimental Results………………………………… 87

Chapter VI. Front-End Converter and Its Operation Control…………                                     96

1  Introduction……………………………………………… 96

2  Circuit Configuration and Operation Modes of the Proposed Front-End Converter………………………………………… 97

2.1  Voltage Boosting and Cascade Buck-Boost Switch-Mode Rectification……………………………………          97

2.2  Voltage Boosting and Buck Switch-Mode Rectification99

3  The Control for Four-Quadrant Front-End Converter…101

3.1  DC-to-DC Voltage Boosting………………………… 101

3.2  AC-to-DC Switch-Mode Rectification……………… 101

Chapter VII. Conclusions……………………………………… 105

References………………………………………………………… 107

Fundamentals of SRM
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Converters and Voltage Boosting
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Commutation Tuning
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Speed Control
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