表面電漿共振(Surface Plasmon Resonance, SPR)現象，被發現已經有近一百年的歷史，而近幾年來，隨著生物醫學的發展，這項技述更是被廣泛的應用在生物檢測的範圍內，由於它對於不同折射率高靈敏度的特性，因此，常常被用來檢測生物體產生化學反應與否，目前，已有檢測抗體和抗原的商用儀器被研發出來。本文則是利用表面電漿共振的性質，期待利用它對折射率的高靈敏度特性，來鑑別不同種類的細胞，已達到快速的檢驗同在一種溶液中不同細胞種類的目的。
關於激發表面電漿共振現象的方式很多，包括了ATR(Attenuated Total Reflection)組態、利用光纖、光波導及光柵的方式，最先被利用的是ATR組態，而後三種方式，則是為了要改善系統的解析度或是為了縮小整個系統所做的設計。
本文主要是用一個較簡單的系統：在一個稜鏡上，放上ㄧ片已經鍍上50nm金膜的玻璃，再於金膜上放上待測物，也就是利用傳統的ATR組態做為本實驗的架構，本文先對於空氣(n=1.0)、水(n=1.33)、單一種類細胞三種物質作檢測，比較它們之間表面電漿共振現象的差異，並和C語言的模擬結果做比對， 目前已可以量測出單一種類細胞的細胞膜和空氣之間的差異，並可以辨識出是溶液產生的效應或是細胞產生的效應。

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