本論文主旨在提出一非均性固體表面結構的理論模型，並實驗研究微液滴佈放於其上時蒸發成型現象之動態過程，期能控制其乾燥固化後的二維薄膜平坦化及三維微物件的曲面化。在研究構想的實施方法上，是特別探討在具有微圓洞結構化設計的固體基材上，嘗試利用微機電技術去設計改變微結構表面尺寸與親疏水特性，並發展出一套光學顯微鏡系統與雷射共軛焦的非接觸式即時輪廓量測系統。然後，實驗觀測微液滴佈放其上後的各種外觀輪廓動態變化情形，並計算其固液氣三相點的接觸角度、底部徑長、液滴高度與蒸發速率等重要特徵值。實驗結果顯示，疏水性PDMS微洞結構具有Depinned液滴特性，能夠使稀濃度Microspheres液滴形成最平坦化分佈的二維薄膜(S.D. ~2.9%)，並且能夠使高濃度PU液滴自我形成各類曲面輪廓(凸平面、凹平面、或其他)的微型物件。其中的一些運用最小表面能理論的近似數值計算與實驗結果亦相符合。在未來產業應用方面，此些微滴佈放成型的研究成果，可以廣泛地提供諸如利用噴液技術製作圖像的製程基礎，包括液晶顯示器之彩色濾光片、有機發光顯示器、高分子電晶體、生醫DNA檢測晶片、微透鏡陣列等製作。

Evaporation experiments of volatile pure droplets both on the flat surfaces and inside the micro wells are carried out in detail for understanding the fundamental effects of microstructure change, with analysis of the contact-angle characteristics, evaporation rates, micro-well structure dimensions and prototype fabrications, and comparison of the distinct results. Designs of the diluted droplets (water/microspheres) deposition on the micro-well surface are introduced along with the non-contact measurement principles of surface profile using a confocal laser system, experimental apparatus setup, and microfabrications and measurement results. Their evolution modes of droplet evaporation on the micro-well surfaces are studied by varying wettability (SU-8 and PDMS) to improve the profile uniformity. Resulting flat meniscus from diluted droplets that contain microspheres in suspension achieves high uniformity (~2.9%) with suitable wettability. Moreover microstructure self-formation and release from structured surface is presented in corporation of droplet and molding operation based on the surface tension of droplet in nature. Concentrated PU polymer droplets are used for many three-dimensional arbitrary-curvatured microstructures. Approximate method based on surface tension (energy) is described and solved for the curvatured shapes after drying as well. Those achieved results can be applied to various manufactures of the microstructures including LCD color filter, ploy-LED, polymer transistors, NDA bio-chips and microlenses.

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