在現代網際網路技術之衝擊下，虛擬組織已經是被普遍認可存在之社會實體。相對於許多研究探討虛擬組織之事業目標與經營策略，解讀虛擬組織為何存在之根本研究卻很缺乏。據此，本研究在理論上結合交易成本與組織場域概念提出，網際網路的發展，提供組織得以在網路空間創造一個虛擬之組織場域，內部化或經濟化市場交易活動，因此組織可以朝向虛擬化發展。為了在實徵上顯示此論點之有效性，本研究具體提出一個建立於結構和策略交互作用之網路策略矩陣，並引述許多虛擬組織營運之具體例子，說明分別位處於網際網路萌芽期及高度成長期的虛擬組織，在實務上如何透過網際網路，在虛擬市場空間中，降低交易成本。
關鍵字：虛擬組織；交易成本；組織場域；網際網路

Given the impact of Internet technology, virtual organization has been now commonly recognized as an important economic entity driving capitalism. Up until recently, many have studied its strategic ends and means. There are, however, little theoretical concerns for why an economic organization is able to move from the physical marketplace towards cyberspace. In this paper, we combine transaction cost theory and the concept of organization field to argue that the virtual organization exists because it is capable of creating a virtual organization field for internalizing or economizing transaction costs in cyber-marketspace. A strategy matrix based on our argument is proposed to illustrate the effects of the virtual organizational field on transaction costs. The paper concludes with some possible future research directions.
Keywords: virtual organization; transaction cost; organization field; internet

致謝 1

中文摘要 2

英文摘要 3

目錄 4

圖目錄 5

第壹章、緒言 6

第貳章、理論背景 9

第參章、網路策略矩陣

組織場域結構定位與競爭策略 14

第肆章、網路策略矩陣的變化

虛擬組織如何降低交易成本，創造交易價值？ 22

第伍章、結論與未來研究建議 53

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