估計樣本中出現次數較少的稀有物種之相對豐富度時，使用樣本相對豐富度的估計方法容易造成極大的誤差，而且也忽略了樣本中未出現的物種，因此必須作修正以得到更合適的估計方法。本文除了回顧Good (1953) 的估計量及Chao and Shen (2003) 利用樣本涵蓋率的概念推導出的估計量外，另外介紹其他五個針對稀有物種進行修正的估計方法。透過電腦模擬的方式，歸納出在不同的情況下，估計稀有物種相對豐富度表現較佳的估計量，並應用於實際資料中。

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