近幾年來，由於石化能源的過渡使用，影響整個地球的生態環境，因此目前科學家們正在積極努力的找尋適合的再生能源，其中最具有優勢的就是太陽能，但是目前的太陽能產品以矽晶元為主，雖然其具有良好的光電轉換效率，但是其成本較高，而為了降低其成本所已發展出有機太陽能電池，其中又以染料敏化太陽能電池及有機薄膜太陽能電池較受到矚目。
　　而目前在染料敏化太陽能電池元件中做為吸收光能的染料分子仍以含有有機金屬架構的染料分子較為廣泛，但是其會有環境汙染的問題，而且價格較為昂貴，不過一般純有機染料敏化劑雖然可以方便進行結構設計，但是有機小分子會有穩定性的問題，而導電高分子相較於一般的有機小分子有較好的穩定性，且仍保有其容易進行結構修飾以及成本較低等優點，因此我們希望能將其應用於染料敏化太陽能電池元件中，使得有機太陽能電池在未來的發展中更具有優勢。
　　而在早期實驗室的研究中比較過 P3HT 及 P3BTT 在染料敏化太陽能電池上的應用，發現 P3HT 雖然在有機薄膜太陽能電池元件上有很好的光電轉換效率，但是當其應用於染料敏化太陽能電池時，會有難以吸附於 TiO2 的問題，相較之下 P3BTT 對於 TiO2 則有良好的吸附性，且其光電轉換效率可達到 1.41 %，因此我們希望能從其側鏈長度及立體障礙的改變，來找出其最佳化的側鏈長度及立體障礙，使其太陽能元件能有更好的光電轉換效率，因此在本實驗中利用 GRIM 及 Rieke's zinc 兩種方式來聚合四種不同硫烷側鏈（butylthio-、hexylthio-、octylthio- 及 2-ethylhexylthio-）的聚噻吩，並從其結果中可以發現利用 Rieke's zinc 方式聚合的含硫烷側鏈的聚噻吩的選擇性及光電轉換效率較使用 GRIM 方式聚合的聚噻吩好，且當側鏈為 hexylthio- 時，其會有最佳的光電轉換效率。

According to the recent research, functionalized regioregular polythiophenes show fascinating properties such as high conductivity, mobility or chemosensitivity, and these properties can be controlled by functional side chains and regioselectivity, so it can be designed and synthesized for photo- and electro-material. The □-conjugated polymers can be used in plastic electronic devices such as solar cells, and the regioregular poly-3-hexylthiophene (P3HT) is a great dye for organic photovoltaic (OPV) solar cell, the divice show high efficiency, but when it was used in dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) the efficiency is very low, due to its poor absorbability between P3HT and TiO2.
In our recent research, we find out poly-3-(butylthio)thiophene (P3BTT) has good absorption with TiO2, and its DSSC device show good efficiency, so we try to synthesize poly-3-(alkylthio)thiphenes of different side chains with varied sizes and steric hindrances via two polymerization methods, GRIM and Rieke's zinc, to find out which method and side chain gives the best efficiency of DSSC device. According to the result, poly-3-(hexylthio)thiophene (P3HTT-Zn*) prepared by Rieke's method gives the best efficiency.

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