邇來，關心教育的專家學者對於我國教改後的制度與效能，多予負面評價。認為教改後，學生的學習成效仍然低落？
研究者很想知道，現在國小高年級學童的學習到底會受哪些因素的影響？了解哪些因素會對國小高年級學童學習意願帶來影響？
本篇論文是針對現今國小高年級學童的學習狀況，來探討影響其學習的主要因素。在研究的設計上，我們分成基本背景與影響國小高年級學童學習之因素兩個方面來探討，經過主成分分析與單因子變異數分析的結果。
研究結果顯示在基本背景與在班上排名關係方面，有顯著差異者為：父親教育程度、母親教育程度、父親管教方式、平日平均每天玩電腦的時間長短、平日平均每天看電視的時間的長短、最常看的電視節目、每週補習的時數、對上學的態度、對上課的內容感覺。在班上排名有顯著差異，但兩者之間沒有呈現顯著差異的有：對平日指導你家庭作業的人、在平日平均每天複習功課的時間長短。
另外在因素分析方面，我們發現影響國小高年級學童學習之最大因素為同學和同學相處是否愉快；第二則是課程是否為重要科目(月考會考的科目)、老師的教法是否生動有趣、任課老師是否親切、自己對成績的要求、考試成績的高低、師長對成績的要求、家長對成績的要求、學校的學習環境、班上的學習風氣、上課的專心程度、家長的獎勵方式、對不同科目的興趣、親友的關心、老師的鼓勵、老師上課的方式、同學的勉勵；第三則是小考次數的多或少、回家功課份量的多或少、使用網路時間的長短、複習功課時間的長短、平日看電視時間的長短、教材的難易度、兄弟姐妹的成績表現、是否在家有人指導功課、自己的聰明程度；影響較小之因素則為教科書的版本、上課教學是否有使用教具、是否上補習班或家教、是否有使用電腦輔助教學、住家離學校的遠近、父母的職業、家庭的經濟狀況。
至於影響國小高年級學童學習之重要因素可歸納為八個：『成績考量因素』、『教師同儕因素』、『家庭環境因素』、『課程負擔因素』、『學習工具因素』、『資質背景因素』、『日常作息因素』、『親師期望因素』。
希望研究結論，能提供研究者與其他現場教師研擬教學策略與未來更深入及更廣泛研究之參考。

I The research of the important influential factors for higher-grade students’ studies
in the Primary School
-at the cases in Sinjhuang area, Taipei County

Summary
Recently the experts and scholars who were concerned with the development of schooling gave more negative appraisal for the system and efficiency of education after the educational reform of our country. They thought that the effect of students' studies was still low after the educational reform.
The researcher would like to know which factors on earth influence studies of higher-grade students in primary school and to understand which factors could influence the urge about studying of higher-grade students in primary school now.
The thesis, directed at the study state of higher-grade students in primary school now, is to investigate into the main factors of influencing students’ study. In the design of the study, it’s divided into two respects of the students’ basic background and influential factors for studies of higher-grade students in primary school to probe and proceed the bimodal Statistical techniques of Principle component analysis and one way analysis of a variance（ANOVA）.
In the result of study, there are the notable differences between the basic background and the rank of the class which are father's education degree, mother's education degree, father disciplinary manners, the average time to play the computer games every day, the length to watch the TV program every day, the TV program seen most frequently, the length to take lessons after school every week, the attitude about school, the difficult level of contents of the curricula.
There are the notable differences in the rank of the class, but not between the basic background and the rank of the class. They are as follows, a guide who instructs student to do his homework every day, the length to revise the lesson every day.
In respect of analysing of the factor, the most important influential factor for higher-grade students’ studies is whether it is cheerful between their relation. The second important type of influential factors includes the subject whether it is the subject of entrance examination or not, the teaching mode of the teacher whether it is vivid or not, the kind degree of the teacher, requisition for one's own achievement, level of the marks for the examination, teacher's requisition for one's achievement, parents' requisition for one's achievement, study environment in the school, study atmosphere in the class, attentive degree in the class, the way of parents' reward, interest in the different subject, teacher's encouragement, solicitude of relatives and friends, teacher's teaching mode, encouragement of one`s classmate. The third important type of influential factors includes frequency of the quiz, quantity of the homework, the length of using the internet, the length of reviewing lesson, the length of watching TV program everyday,the degree of the teaching material, accomplishment of one`s brother and sisiter, someone guiding homework at home, degree of one's intelligence. The least important type of influential factors includes an edition of the textbook, whether useing the teaching aid or not, taking lesson after school or employing a tutor, using computer assisted learning, distance from home to school, parents’ job, economic situation of the family.
As regards the important influencing factors for higher-grade students’ studies could be summed up for eight items. They are as listed below, " the factor of the score ", " the factor of teachers and classmates", " the factor of family environment ", " the factor of class load ", " the factor of learning tool ", " the factor of intelligence ", " the factor of daily life-style ", " the factor of teacher's expecting ".
Hope that the conclusion of the study could offer the reference to the researcher and the on-the-spot teachers to draft the teaching tactics and deeper and more extensive research in the future.

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