近年來許多研究團隊致力於導電高分子的相關研究，導電高分子可藉由改變摻雜程度來控制其導電度，也能夠對分子結構進行修飾來賦予其不同的特性，這些性質都給予了其廣泛的應用價值，聚噻吩具有高導電性、良好的穩定性、以及高度的經濟價值，使其最受到吸引學者們的關注。

一般工業上聚噻吩都是透過金屬催化劑進行合成，然而金屬催化劑除了價格較為昂貴外，其於高分子成品中的殘留也會造成電子元件的壽命減短，為了以更為低廉的成本來得到效能更好的產品，本實驗室便以有機酸做為催化劑來進行這類產品的製造。

本論文第一部分討論將噻吩三號位置換為枝狀結構對聚合反應之影響，立體障礙較大的支狀結構能夠阻止高分子間交聯的發生，使聚噻吩不易形成不溶凝膠，如此一來便能提升聚噻吩的溶解性，使其具有更良好加工性。第二部分則藉由置換噻吩二號位上不同的離去基以及三號位上不同的側鏈來觀察其不同的聚合模式，並藉由在聚合反應中重複加入單體來證實酸催化聚合法確實具有活性聚合之特性。最後，藉由Triton X-100的添加，我們成功給予了酸催化聚合更好的發展性。

In recent years, many scientific groups dedicate their research to conducting polymers because of their wide variety of applications. By adjusting its doping level and modifying its molecular structure, conducting polymer can achieve better conductivity and solubility. Among these kinds of conducting polymers, polythiophenes attract many researchers’ attention due to their excellent properties such as high conductivity, environmental stability, and economical importance.

The most common synthetic way of polythiophenes in industry is transition metal catalyzed polycondensation. However, transition metal catalyst is relatively expensive and the residual in the final product might shorten the life cycle of the electric devices. In order to overcome the challenge caused by transition metal catalyst, our group developed a novel acid-catalyzed polymerization which utilizes organic acid as catalyst.

This thesis includes two parts. The first part discusses the influence of side chain on polythiophene. When the side chain is a branch structure, the steric hindrance reduces the possibility of cross-linking, which increases the solubility of the final polymer product. The second part investigates the impact of different side chains and leaving groups on the acid-catalyzed polymerization. Moreover, because homopolymer with higher molecular weight was synthesized when new monomers were added into the reaction, we successfully reveal the characteristic behavior of living polymerization in our system. Finally, the existence of Triton X-100 highly promotes the future development of acid-catalyzed polymerization.

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