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研究生: 林真好
Lin, Chen-Hao
論文名稱: 性別的不平等是如何產生的?了解女性員工在台灣組織中面臨的障礙
How has Gender-based Inequality Arisen? Understanding the Barriers to Women Employees in Taiwanese Companies
指導教授: 謝英哲
Hsieh, Ying-Che
口試委員: 翁晶晶
Weng, Jing-Jing
李昕潔
Lee, Sin-Jie
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 科技管理學院 - 國際專業管理碩士班
International Master of Business Administration(IMBA)
論文出版年: 2021
畢業學年度: 109
語文別: 英文
論文頁數: 64
中文關鍵詞: 性別平等女性及職涯發展媽媽罰款
外文關鍵詞: Motherhood Penalty, Inclusive and Diversity Policies
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    Despite being in the 21st century, there is still gender inequality which means that in many parts of the world, women and men do not have the same rights and opportunities. In Taiwan, laws and regulations make sure that women are able to get the same access to healthcare, education, and is able to take part in politics, as well as work. However, when it comes to finding work, especially in industries that are male dominant such as the semiconductors industry, the road to gender equality is still long. In order to understand what the barriers are for women to get into the semiconductors industry and into the labor market in general, and more importantly to understand the challenges that women face when they are working in the semiconductor industry, an exploratory study using a qualitative method by conducting interviews with professionals primarily in the semiconductor industry with the rest from other industries is conducted to gain insight into the gender gap within the industry.
    The results of the interviews indicates that women, specifically mothers, have difficulty with career advancement. Those in managerial positions said that in order for women to be able to get ahead in their field of expertise, support from family, flexible working conditions as well as mentorship in addition to organizational support need to be in place for the career development of women especially for women who work in the semiconductor industry.
    The indications of the study include the need for firms to offer flexibility, mentoring programs, peer support groups as well as incorporating inclusiveness and diversity policies throughout the organizational culture and practices.

    Table of contents 1.0 Introduction .............................................................................................................................. 1 1.1 Gender inequality in the world ........................................................................................................ 1 1.2 Gender inequality in during COVID-19 ......................................................................................... 2 1.3 Gender inequality in Taiwan ........................................................................................................... 3 1.3.1 Laws and regulations that promote gender equality in Taiwan ............................................................. 5 1.4 Gender inequality in the semiconductor industry ......................................................................... 6 1.5 Factors that contribute to gender inequality .................................................................................. 8 1.5.1 Social economic factors ............................................................................................................................... 8 1.5.2 Organizational factors .................................................................................................................................. 8 1.5.3 Motherhood penalty ..................................................................................................................................... 9 1.6 Purpose and research gap .............................................................................................................. 10 2.0 Literature review .................................................................................................................... 11 2.1 Socioeconomic environment and gender inequality .................................................................... 11 2.1.1 The role of culture on gender inequality .................................................................................................... 11 Graph 3-Taiwan’s cultural dimensions .......................................................................................................... 13 2.1.2 Parenthood and motherhood penalty ......................................................................................................... 13 2.1.3 Normative and status discrimination ......................................................................................................... 14 2.1.4 Human capital theory and the motherhood penalty ............................................................................ 16 2.1.5 New Home Economies and specialization and the motherhood penalty ............................................ 18 2.1.6 Cognitive bias and discrimination towards mothers ............................................................................ 19 2.2 The role of organizations on inequality ........................................................................................ 20 2.2.1Task assignment .......................................................................................................................................... 20 2.2.2 Gender-role congruity bias ........................................................................................................................ 21 2.3 Theoretical framework ................................................................................................................... 22 3.0 Methodology ........................................................................................................................... 23 3.1 Research objectives ......................................................................................................................... 23 3.2 Choice of research method ............................................................................................................. 23 3.3 Sample .............................................................................................................................................. 24 3.4 Reason for sample selection ........................................................................................................... 24 3.5 Data analysis .................................................................................................................................... 29 4.0 Findings and discussion ........................................................................................................ 29 4.1 Family choices and career path alteration .................................................................................... 29 4.2 Family and career path aspirations ............................................................................................... 33 4.3 Gender roles and education background ...................................................................................... 34 4.4 Gender and management style ...................................................................................................... 35 4.5 Career advancement and gender ................................................................................................... 37 4.5.1 Motherhood penalty ................................................................................................................................... 38 4.5.1.1 Time of pregnancy and career development ...................................................................................... 42 4.6 Female friendly policies ............................................................................................................................... 43 4.7 Gender inequality in the semiconductor industry ......................................................................................... 44 5.0 Conclusion .............................................................................................................................. 46 5.1 Practical implications ..................................................................................................................... 46 5.1.1 Challenges that women face and how to overcome them .......................................................................... 46 5.1.2 Diversity and inclusiveness ....................................................................................................................... 47 5.1.3 Benefits of gender equality to the society and organizations .................................................................... 48 5.2 Limitations and future research .................................................................................................... 49 6.0 References .............................................................................................................................. 50 7.0 Appendix-Interview questions ............................................................................................... 62

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