生質柴油為具有能源、環保等優點之綠色燃料，而製造生質柴油的原料油成本過高，若使用廢食用油為原料油，則可大幅降低生質柴油的製造成本。然而廢食用油中含有大量游離脂肪酸會造成生質柴油的產率下降，無法直接以一般鹼製程製造生質柴油，需經由酸製程之預酯化反應前處理將其酸價降至一定值。傳統酸製程以勻相酸觸媒作為催化劑，中和勻相酸觸媒會產生大量廢水，若改用固體酸觸媒，產物後續純化不需水洗即可分離。在不同種類的反應器中，氣舉式反應器藉由密度差所造成的流動相較於傳統機械攪拌可減少對固體觸媒的破壞，有利於固體觸媒的回收與再利用。本研究主要是針對廢食用油中的游離脂肪酸進行預酯化前處理，使用氣舉式反應器，將游離脂肪酸轉化成甲基酯以降低其含量。使用添加不同比例棕櫚酸之大豆油，以模擬廢食用油，並應用固體酸觸媒作催化劑，針對醇酸比、反應溫度、觸媒用量等反應參數進行探討，並找出較佳之操作條件。由實驗結果得知，游離脂肪酸含量5 %與10 %分別在在醇酸比36與18、溫度60 ℃與65 ℃、觸媒用量5 %與6.5 %、空氣流速31 ml/s條件下，預酯化反應於120 分鐘內，酸價均可降至1 mg KOH/g 以下，符合鹼製程之需求。

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