摘要
微波對生物的影響至今尚未有明確的定論，本研究朝以下兩個研究方向來探討這個主題:(1)微波的非熱效應對細胞直接的影響;(2)微波的非熱效應對細胞修復過程的干擾。我們使用細胞群落分析與基因微陣列晶片兩種方法來研究細胞在恆溫37°C下受到頻率2.45GHz，功率密度為4mW/cm2的微波照射下其細胞增生能力與基因表現。在第一個研究方向中，藉由細胞群落分析的實驗中得知，當細胞受到微波直接照射6小時後增生能力明顯下降。利用基因微陣列晶片分析的結果則顯示出細胞照射微波會使其82個基因有顯著表現，而這些基因大多與蛋白質折疊、磷酸化、DNA複製、核苷酸合成等相關。在第二個研究方向中，細胞群落分析實驗使我們發現，微波可能干擾細胞修復過程而導致細胞受到紫外光傷害後存活率減少。此外，基因微陣列晶片的結果則顯示出，當細胞先受到紫外光傷害再照射微波後有104個基因受到影響。這些基因的功能與轉錄調控、蛋白質分解、磷酸化、金屬離子傳遞等相關。根據上述的所有結果我們推論，微波的非熱效應會直接影響細胞生存率與部分功能基因群的調控。受到傷害的細胞，微波也會影響其生存率，其顯著表現差異的基因當中部分基因與直接照射微波或紫外光表現趨勢一樣，更證實了基因微陣列系統可以準確的偵測出基因的相對表現量。

ABSTRACT
The biological effects of microwave(300MHz~300GHz) have remained contentious. This study considers the subject from the following two aspects: (1) the non-thermal effects of microwave, (2) the interference of non-thermal effects from microwave on cell repair process. We used two biological experiments colony assay and cDNA microarray to explain cell proliferation and gene expression after 2.45GHz, 4mW/cm2 microwave exposure at 37°C. Firstly, the colony assay experiment showed that cell proliferation decreased significantly after cell was exposed under microwave for 6 hours. The finding of cDNA microarray study indicated that 82 gene altered their gene expression after microwave exposure. Their major biological functions related to protein folding, phosphorylation, cell cycle, DNA replication, and nucleotide biosynthesis. Secondly, the study of colony assay revealed that microwave could interfere with cell repair process and thus decrease cell survival rate after damaged by UVB. Besides, the cDNA microarray study presented that 104 genes, which mostly command the genomic functions of regulation of transcription, phosphorylation, proteolysis, and metal ion transport were affected. Judging from the above, the non-thermal effects of microwave can influence cell proliferation and regulate parts of genomic functions.

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