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研究生: 陳永祚
Yung-Tso Chen
論文名稱: 虛擬環境下即時三維手勢之介面系統
Real-time 3D Gesture Interface for Virtual Environments
指導教授: 楊熙年
Dr. Shi-Nine Yang
口試委員:
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 電機資訊學院 - 資訊工程學系
Computer Science
論文出版年: 2004
畢業學年度: 92
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 123
中文關鍵詞: 手勢虛擬實境操作隱馬可夫模型辨識
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  • 近幾年來,隨著電腦視覺技術以及運算能力的進步,發展出許多以手勢作為人機互動工具的研究成果。但是大部分的成果多只以少量簡單的示範內容展示其相關辨識技術,若要有效率地將手勢辨識的技術跟應用程式內容結合仍舊需要進一步的研究。
    在本論文中,我們主要的目標是探究以雙手手勢作為輸入介面的技術及實用性。我們以手指頭上貼著Infrared-LED 做為追蹤的目標。除了提出3D手勢辨識的方法外,為了讓系統更具實用性,我們提出了一個以手勢為介面的系統架構(framework),其特色有:1.可使用雙手以增加手勢之自然性及豐富性,2.容許多手勢連續串接以提升操作的方便性,3.提供模組化的動作架構以增加系統的可延伸性。同時為了展示本架構之實用性,我們在3D沈浸式環境中實作一個以自然直覺手勢作為人機介面的多媒體瀏覽系統。


    Recent years, many research results of the Gesture Interface System have been developed with the progressing of the computer vision technique and the computer computing ability. However, most of the research results only use few and simple examples to demonstrate the related recognition technique. If we want to combine the technique of gesture recognition and the content of the application program efficiently, it is still needed to be further studied.
    In this paper, our main goal is to research the practicability and the technique of the bimanual gesture interface. We use the infrared-LED attached to the fingers as the tracking targets. Besides presenting the 3D recognition method, we also present a gesture interface system framework to increase the practicability for the system. Our framework has the following characteristics: 1. Our system allow user to use both hands in order to improve the nature and the variety of gestures. 2. Our system allow user using continuous gestures to increase the convenience of control. 3. We support the module of gestures in order to improve the extensibility of the system. Simultaneously, we implemented a multimedia application system for gesture interface to demonstrate the practicability of the framework in 3D immersive environment.

    中文摘要 ii 英文摘要(Abstract) iii 致謝(Acknowledgement) v 目錄(Contents) vi 圖形目錄(Figures) ix 第一章:簡介 1 1.1 系統發展的原因 1 1.2 Gesture的介紹 1 1.3 系統的要求以及困難 4 1.3.1 系統需求 4 1.3.2 手勢設計的問題 6 1.3.3 特徵擷取的問題 7 1.3.4 手勢追蹤的問題 8 1.3.5 手勢辨識的問題 9 1.4 理論背景 10 1.5 研究內容 11 1.5.1 系統描述 11 1.5.2 動作捕捉器製作 12 1.5.3 手勢追蹤 14 1.5.4 連續手勢辨識 15 1.5.5 使用者操作系統 15 1.6 論文架構 16 第二章:相關研究 17 2.1 手勢資料的表示法 17 2.1.1 使用特殊裝置 18 2.1.2 使用影像 20 2.1.3 軌跡追蹤 21 2.1.4 Model Based 21 2.1.5 Contour Based 22 2.1.6 Appearance Based 22 2.1.7 其他 23 2.2 分類的方法 24 第三章:提出的方法 28 3.1 前言 30 3.2 影像擷取 32 3.2.1 所使用的裝置 32 3.2.2 跟投射式紅外線捕捉器的比較 33 3.2.3 捕捉的目標 34 3.2.4 使用硬體 35 3.3 手勢追蹤 37 3.3.1 空間對應 38 3.3.2 時間對應 39 3.3.3 推測的方法 40 3.3.4 手指對應 41 3.3.5 追蹤錯誤修正 41 3.4 手勢辨識 42 3.4.1 靜態手型辨識 43 3.4.1.1 手指頭的組態 43 3.4.1.2 EigenSpace的產生 43 3.4.2 動態手勢辨識 46 3.4.2.1 手勢的segmentation與模組化 46 3.4.2.2 取用的特徵 50 3.4.2.3 所支援的手勢 52 3.4.2.4 Gesture Thresholding 52 3.4.2.5 Recognition 54 3.5 系統架構 55 3.5.1 系統流程 55 3.5.2 展示應用系統與手勢操作系統溝通架構 57 第四章:系統實作 59 4.1 3D 定位矯準 60 4.1.1 基礎矩陣 62 4.2 手勢追蹤 63 4.2.1 影像處理 63 4.2.2 MHT介紹與實作方法 64 4.2.3 整合MHT於時間對應與空間對應 69 4.2.4 猜測方法 72 4.2.5 手指對應 75 4.2.6 追蹤錯誤修正 76 4.3 手勢辨識 77 4.3.1 靜態手型辨識 77 4.3.2 HMM簡介 79 4.3.2.1 基本概念 79 4.3.2.2 HMM三個主要的問題 82 4.3.3 手勢分割 83 4.3.4 Gesture Thresholding 88 4.3.4.1 AntiGesture Model 90 4.3.5 手勢辨識 93 4.4 系統架構實作 96 4.4.1 以BB跟Manager架構整合系統 96 4.4.2 展示應用系統與手勢操作系統溝通架構 97 第五章:實驗結果 103 5.1 追蹤結果 103 5.2 手勢辨識結果 104 第六章:結論 110 參考文獻 112

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