本論文以有機和鈣鈦礦光響應元件研究為主軸，以不同製程和材料製作太陽能電池，以鈣鈦礦材料搭配微共振腔結構製作出可調波長的窄頻光感測器。
第一章節對有機太陽能電池、有機無機混成鈣鈦礦太陽能電池作簡介以及太陽能電池的工作機制與原理。鈣鈦礦光感測器的簡介以及說明相關參數對光感測器的意義。
第二章節，我將有機太陽能電池常使用的含鹵素溶劑和添加劑替換掉，以對環境相對友善的不含鹵素甲苯溶劑和1-甲基萘添加劑製作有機太陽能元件。在溶液塗佈製程將以往的旋轉塗佈替換成快速乾燥刮刀塗佈，大量的降低溶液與材料的使用量以減少浪費。以PBDTTT-C-T和PC71BM混和作為元件主動層，以此製程製作出元件光電轉換效率6.62%。
第三章節，我以表面修飾材料PFN與PEIE取代反結構元件常使用的低功函數材料。利用PFN與PEIE偶極矩修飾ITO基板，分別以PFN和PEIE製作PBDTTT-C-T:PC71BM反結構元件，元件效率分別達到7.54和4.77%。以此為基礎，將PFN或PEIE與奈米顆粒ZnO (nanoparticle ZnO, np-ZnO) 作為元件電子傳輸層。元件以np-ZnO/PFN或np-ZnO/PEIE作為電子傳輸層製作PBDTTT-C-T:PC71BM反結構元件，元件效率分別達到6.65和6.1%。以np-ZnO/PFN結構製作PTB7:PC71BM反結構元件，並以TPTPA小分子材料作為電洞傳輸層，元件效率可以達到8.65%的高效率。在有機太陽能元件的好成果，我們延續到鈣鈦礦太陽能元件。以PEIE/TiO2作為電子傳輸層製作MAPbClxI3-x鈣鈦礦反結構元件，並以TAPC (10 nm)/TAPC:MoO3 (240 nm)/MoO3 (7 nm) 結構作為元件電洞傳輸層，有最佳元件效率9.65%。由於np-TiO2有穩定性的問題，因此我們改以濺鍍方式製備TiO2薄膜。濺鍍TiO2薄膜厚度為10 nm，並進行300°C的熱處理2個小時，製作於MAPbI3鈣鈦礦反結構元件，最好的元件效率為10.3%。
第四章節，我以第三章節使用的TPTPA小分子材料應用於順序型鈣鈦礦元件作為電洞傳輸層，藉由模擬和可變角度式橢圓偏光儀分析TPTPA特性，最後由瞬態光電流 (transient photocurrent) 和電化學阻抗頻譜 (electrochemical impedance spectroscopy) 最元件進行量測與分析。以TPTPA同時應用於正結構與反結構元件，正結構元件效率為17.1%，而反結構元件效率為17.5%。
第五章節，將順序型鈣鈦礦材料與微共振腔結構結合，製作出可調控光響應波段的窄頻鈣鈦礦光感測器。以模仿人眼感光細胞為目的，製作出分別感光紅、綠、藍三種光感測元件，並將元件分別掃描照片並成功重建原始照片。更將鈣鈦礦光感測元件製作於軟性基板，經過160次彎曲測試光電流沒有衰退。封裝元件超過48小時照射，光電流表現依舊。代表元件是有很大的潛力作為人工感光細胞。

In this thesis, I mainly focused on the study of organic and perovskite photoresponse devices. First, I used various processes and materials to fabricate the organic and perovskite solar cells. Then, I combined the perovskite with microcavity structures to realize the wavelength and bandwidth tunable photodetectors.
In the introduction section, I briefly introduced the development and the measurement methodology of organic solar cells, organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells, and perovskite photodetectors. Important parameters of photodetector were also mentioned in this section.
In the second chapter, I utilized the halogen-free solvent and additive, such as toluene and 1-methylnaphthalene, to replace the halogen solvent and additive. I used the rapid-dry blade coating to substitute the traditional spin coating method to fabricate the organic active layers. The rapid-dry blade coating method shows a much better materials and solvents utilization. The device fabricated by this process with a blend of PBDTTT-C-T:PC71BM as an active layer showed a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 6.62%.
In the third chapter, surface modified materials PFN and PEIE were used to substitute the low work-function materials. The dipole moment of PFN and PEIE modifies the ITO substrate to act as a cathode. I used the PFN or PEIE to modify the surface of ITO substrate and used PBDTTT-C-T:PC71BM as the active layer. The PCEs of devices were 7.54 and 4.77%, respectively. I then integrated the np-ZnO with PFN or PEIE as the electron transporting layers. The devices made of np-ZnO/PFN and np-ZnO/PEIE as electron transporting layers showed the PCEs of 6.65 and 6.1%, respectively. The optimized np-ZnO/PFN was also utilized with PTB7:PC71BM active layers. The device achieved a high PCE of 8.65%. Finally, MAPbClxI3-x perovskite with PEIE/TiO2 as electron transporting layers and TAPC (10 nm)/TAPC:MoO3 (240 nm)/MoO3 (7 nm) as hole transporting layers showed a PCE of 9.65%. Owing to the stability of np-TiO2, I substituted it with the sputter TiO2. The 10-nm sputter TiO2 was thermally treated at 300°C for 2 hours. The inverted perovskite solar cell with sputter TiO2 exhibited a PCE of 10.3%.
In the fourth chapter, small molecule TPTPA was utilized as hole transporting materials in the sequential vapor-deposited perovskite solar cell. I used the variable-angle spectroscopic ellipsometer to analyze the TPTPA layer. Then, transient photocurrent and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy were utilized to measure and analyze the devices. TPTPA as hole transporting layer in normal and inverted perovskite solar cells exhibited PCEs of 17.1 and 17.5%, respectively.
In the fifth chapter, I integrated the perovskite active layer and the microcavity structure to fabricate the wavelength and band tunable photodetectors. To mimic the photoreceptors of the human eye, I fabricated three types of photodetector to detect the red, green, and blue light, respectively. Three types of photodetectors were used to scan photograph and the photocurrents were used to reconstruct the image. I also fabricated the flexible devices, which showed an excellent stability over a 160 times bending test. Encapsulated device was illuminated over 48 hr without any loss of the photocurrent. This result represented the great potential for the artificial human retina applications.

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