Business Model for Small Wind Turbines Industry in Latin America

簡易檢索 / 詳目顯示

回結果列表

研究生：	奎瑞迪 Cueva Bravo Fredy Mauricio
論文名稱：	Business Model for Small Wind Turbines Industry in Latin America 小型風力發電機在拉丁美洲的商業模式
指導教授：	林博文 Lin, Bou-Wen
口試委員:	陳忠仁彭奕農
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	科技管理學院 - 國際專業管理碩士班 International Master of Business Administration(IMBA)
論文出版年：	2011
畢業學年度：	99
語文別：	英文
論文頁數：	64
中文關鍵詞：	Small wind turbines 、IPP 、Savings rates
相關次數：	點閱：3 下載：0
分享至:	分享至facebook 分享至twitter

查詢本校圖書館目錄查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統勘誤回報

The renewable energy is a new source of energy since some years ago. Many people, organizations, and countries want to take advantage of using it because of its unlimited power. Many enterprises that are manufacturing many different devices to power houses, buildings, offices, industries and so on and, just based on this power, many billions of dollars have been invested on R&D, to increase its potential and efficiency of this industry as well as many billions on revenue are being produced. We are in front of an industry that is showing to the world its capability of not just generating electric power, but also generating a new source of economic power. The aim of this study is to identify, evaluate and analyze a new business model for Small Wind Turbines in Latin America, which can be used to power a house or office. Here is taking into consideration the relevant variables like: Income per capita (IPP) , Wind speeds in the place to located the SWT, Government policies, customer needs – Turbine technology, `generating power cost in that country, household and corporate saving rates, private consumption ratios to GDP, Relationship in between GDP per capita, household and corporate saving rates and, private consumption ratios to GDP, financing that could be given by non-governmental institutions, development funds organization Inter-American Development Bank or more, payback period of the turbine and, not so relevant like: environmental issues and Social impacts, visual impacts, neighborliness considerations.

La energia renovable es una nueva fuente de energia desde algunos anios atras. Muchas personas, organizaciones y paises desean tener ventaja de su uso debido a su ilimitado poder. Muchas empresas estan manufacturando diferentes dispositivos para brindar energia a las casas, edificios, oficinas industrias y mas, basados solemante en este poder, muchos millones de dolares se han invertido en R&D, para incrementar su potencial y eficiencia en esta industria asi mismo como mucho millones se han generado de la misma. Nosotros estamos en frente de una industria que esta mostrando al mundo su capacidad no solo para generar electricidad, sino tambien para generar una nueva fuente de poder economico. La base de este estudio es identificar, evaluar y analizar un nuevo modelo de negocios para pequenias turbinas de viento en Latino America, que pueden ser usades para electrificar una casa u oficina. Aqui se tomo en consideracion varibles relevantes como: Ingresos per capita, velocidad del viento en el lugar de acentamiento de la turbina, politicas gubernamentales, necesidades del cliente, tecnologia de turbinas, costos de generacion electrica en cada pais, impactos visuales, sociales y consideraciones en la ciudad.

Table of Contents
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ..................................................................................................... VI
ABSTRACT.......................................................................................................................... VII
TABLE OF CONTENTS .................................................................................................... VIII
LIST OF FIGURES .............................................................................................................. XII
LIST OF TABLES .............................................................................................................. XIV
CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................1
1. Background and Motivation .................................................................................... 1
2. Objectives ............................................................................................................... 3
3. Research procedure ................................................................................................. 4
CHAPTER II: LITERATURE REVIEW .............................................................................5
1. Renewable energy ................................................................................................... 5
2. Green Technology ................................................................................................... 5
3. Energy-related carbon-dioxide (CO2)...................................................................... 6
4. Benefits of Wind Power for Utilities ....................................................................... 7
4.1. Reduced Environmental Risk ........................................................................... 7
4.2. Price Hedge ..................................................................................................... 7
4.3. Stable Pricing ................................................................................................... 7
4.4. Good for the Bottom Line ................................................................................ 8
5. Small wind turbines (SWT) ..................................................................................... 8
5.1. Classification of a Small Wind Turbine (SWT) ................................................ 9
5.2. Types of small wind turbines (SWT) ................................................................ 9
ix
5.2.1. Horizontal axis wind turbines (HAWTs) ................................................. 10
5.2.2. Vertical axis wind turbines (VAWTs) ..................................................... 10
5.2.3. Advantages and disadvantages of HAWTs and VAWTs ......................... 12
5.3. Parts of a small wind turbine .......................................................................... 13
5.4. Small wind turbines (SWT) for Home and Small farms .................................. 13
5.5. Life time of a SWT ........................................................................................ 16
5.6. Rated Power and Rated Wind Speed .............................................................. 17
6. Environmental issues and Social impacts .............................................................. 18
6.1.1. Visual impacts of SWT ........................................................................... 18
6.1.2. Neighborliness Considerations ................................................................ 18
6.1.3. Sounds from Small Wind Turbines ......................................................... 19
7. Micrositing of Small Wind Turbines ..................................................................... 20
7.1. Small wind turbines and Wind speeds in Latin America ................................. 20
7.2. Wind speed required by a SWT ...................................................................... 23
8. Potential Growth and Industry Projections ............................................................ 23
8.1. Latin America ................................................................................................ 23
8.2. Government Policies ...................................................................................... 23
8.3. Capacity in Relation to Estimated Jobs ........................................................... 24
8.4. Economic Impact, business growth and comparison with the world ............... 25
9. Costs ..................................................................................................................... 32
9.1. Power Generation Cost per kilowatt-hour per country in Latin America ......... 32
9.2. Cost of producing electricity in Latin America ............................................... 32
9.3. Cost of wind energy ....................................................................................... 33
9.4. Payback period for Customers ........................................................................ 34
10. GDP, household and corporate saving rates, private consumption ratios to GDP 34
x
10.1. GDP per capita applied to find our market niches ....................................... 34
10.2. Household and corporate saving rates ......................................................... 35
10.3. Private consumption ratios to GDP ............................................................. 36
10.4. Relationship in between GDP per capita, Household and corporate saving rates and, Private consumption ratios to GDP ............................................................... 37
11. Reducing the market niche for Latin America .................................................... 37
CHAPTER III: ANALYSIS, COST, BOTTLENECKS AND ENGAGEMENT ............... 39
1. Costs, benefits and efficiency of SWT ................................................................... 39
1.1. Cost ............................................................................................................... 39
1.1.1. Investment .............................................................................................. 39
1.1.2. Periodic costs .......................................................................................... 39
1.2. Payback period for Customers ........................................................................ 40
1.3. Cost and benefits of SWT .............................................................................. 40
1.4. Benefits ......................................................................................................... 40
1.4.1. Financial incentives ................................................................................ 41
2. Bottlenecks ........................................................................................................... 42
2.1. Turbine technologies ...................................................................................... 43
2.2. Projects .......................................................................................................... 43
2.3. Costs .............................................................................................................. 44
2.4. Permits........................................................................................................... 44
2.5. Attitudes ........................................................................................................ 45
3. Engagement .......................................................................................................... 45
3.1. Defining the niche .......................................................................................... 45
4. Results .................................................................................................................. 46
CHAPTER IV: CONCLUSIONS ........................................................................................ 51
xi
1. Conclusions .......................................................................................................... 51
2. Futures studies ...................................................................................................... 51
REFERENCES ........................................................................................................................ 53
APPENDIX .............................................................................................................................. 60

                                

Aridas, T. (2011). Household Saving Rates. Retrieved May 30, 2011, from Global Finance: http://www.gfmag.com/tools/global-database/economic-data/10396-household-saving-rates.html#axzz1OnKK56Z1

AWEA. (2011). Electric Utilities and Wind Power – A Good Mix. Retrieved Jun 6, 2011, from American Wind Energy Association: www.awea.org/learnabout/publications/upload/Utility-Factsheet_WP11.pdf

B□rgolo, M., Cruces, G., Gasparini, L., & Ham, A. (2010, December). Vulnerability to poverty in Latin America. Retrieved May 2011, from www.chronicpoverty.org: www.chronicpoverty.org/.../WP170%20Bergolo%20Cruces%20Gasparini%20Ham.pdf

Bongaarts, J. (2001). Household Size and Composition in the Developing World. Retrieved May 2011, from Population Council - Reaserch that makes the difference: www.popcouncil.org/pdfs/wp/144.pdf

Canadian Wind Energy Association. (2006, April). Small Wind Siting and Zoning Study - Development Of Siting Guidelines And A Model Zoning By-Law For Small Wind Turbines.

Casa Pueblo. (2009, Mar). Informe Economico Via Verde Casa Pueblo Puerto Rico. Retrieved May 2011, from Casa Pueblo: http://www.casapueblo.org/documentos/gasoducto/informe_economico_via_verde_casa_pueblo.pdf

CEERE - Renewable Energy Research Laboratory. (2006, June). Wind Turbine Acoustic Noise. Retrieved May 2011, from Center for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (CEERE): http://ceere.org/

Climate & Energy. (2001). World Renewable Resource & Use - Energy Resources & Some Alternatives. Retrieved May 2011, from Climate & Energy: http://www.energysustained.com/energy_resources.htm

CNEE. (2001). Valor del kWh. Retrieved 2011 from Comision Nacional de Energia Electrica de Guatemala: http://www.cnee.gob.gt/pdf/resoluciones/2001/31-2001.pdf

CSPOSI. (2008, July). Showcase Curacao. Retrieved May 2011, from The Concentrated Solar Power Open Source Initiative (CSPOSI): http://www.csposi.org/showcase_curacao.html

Empresa El□ctrica Regional del Sur S.A.- Ecuador. (2009). Empresa El□ctrica Regional del Sur S.A. Retrieved May 2011, from http://www.eerssa.com/

Galen Carol Audio. (2011). Galen Carol Audio. Retrieved May 2011, from Decibel (Loudness) Comparison Chart: http://www.gcaudio.com/resources/howtos/loudness.html

Global Finance. (1987). Household Saving Rates. Retrieved May 2011, from Global Finance: http://www.gfmag.com/tools/global-database/economic-data/10396-household-saving-rates.html#axzz1T7sYNojT

Inter-American Development Bank. (2011). About the Inter-American Development Bank. Retrieved Jun 6, 2011, from Inter-American Development Bank: http://www.iadb.org/en/about-us/about-the-inter-american-development-bank,5995.html

International Energy Agency. (2011). International Energy Agency - Home. Retrieved May 2011, from International Energy Agency: http://www.iea.org/index.asp

IVECO. (2010). Electric consumption estimation - devices. Retrieved May 2011, from Electric consumption estimation: http://www.fenk.com.ar/index.htm

La Prensa. (2009, Jan). Honduras: Fijan costo de energ□a a plantas. Retrieved May 2011, from La Prensa: http://www.laprensa.hn/Ediciones/2009/01/31/Noticias/Honduras-Fijan-costo-de-energia-a-plantas

Lambert-St. (2009). Comparison of Noise Levels. Retrieved 2011 □□□ 20-Jun from Lambert Studies Workshop One: http://www.airportsites.net/lambert-stl/workshop1/nc_b29.aspx

LANIC. (2011). Non Governmental Organizations. Retrieved Jun 6, 2011, from Latin American Network Information Center: http://lanic.utexas.edu/la/region/ngos/#ecuador

Loayza, N., L□pez, H., Schmidt-Hebbel, K., & Serv□n, L. (November, 1998). SAVING IN THE WORLD: STYLIZED FACTS. Chile.

Luminous Renewable Energy. (2011, 05 12). Micrositing of Small Wind Turbines. (Luminous) Retrieved 05 11, 2011, from Luminous Renewable Energy: http://www.windsolarzone.com/micrositing-SWT.php

NASA. (2004, December 16). NASA Surface meteorology and Solar Energy: Methodology. Retrieved May 3, 2011, from Prediction Of Worldwide Energy Resource: http://power.larc.nasa.gov/

Niedbalski, J. (n.d.). How to calculate the power consumption for a house. Retrieved May 2011, from Paritarios: http://www.paritarios.cl/especial_consumo_electricidad_hogar.htm

Renewable Energy World.COM. (2010, June 16). 25% US Renewable Electricity Standard Will Create 274,000 Jobs. Retrieved January 20, 2011, from Renewable Energy World.COM: http://www.renewableenergyworld.com/rea/partner/angstrom-advanced-renewable-inc-/news/article/2010/06/25-us-renewable-electricity-standard-will-create-274000-jobs1

RenewableUK. (2010). Small Wind Systems - UK Market Report 2010. London: RenewableUK.

Rob's Ramblings. (2007). Power Consumption Tables. Retrieved May 2011, from Rob's Ramblings..: http://users.tpg.com.au/users/robkemp/Power/ConsumptionTables.htm#Kitchen

Ross, J., & Meier, A. (2000). Whole-House Measurements of Standby Power Consumption. Retrieved May 2011, from Energy Analysis: eetd.lbl.gov/ea/reports/45967.pdf

S, J. (2008, November 04). Interesting Statistics on Personal Finance. Retrieved May 30, 2011, from Money: http://money.gather.com/viewArticle.action?articleId=281474977497673

Showcase Curacao. (2008 □□□ July). Retrieved 2011 □□□ May from The Concentrated Solar Power Open Source Initiative (CSPOSI): http://www.csposi.org/showcase_curacao.html

Sluder, L. (2010). What Things Cost in Belize. Retrieved June 2011, from What Things Cost in Belize: http://www.belizefirst.com/cost.html

Stimmel, R. (2008). In the Public Interest - How and Why to Permit for Small Wind Systems - A Guide for State and Local Governments. American Wind Energy Association , 36.

The Central Intelligence Agency (CIA). (2011, May 26). World Factbook. Retrieved May 30, 2011, from The Central Intelligence Agency (CIA): The Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)
The World Bank. (2011). The World Bank - Latin America & Caribbean - Data & Statistics.

Retrieved May 2011, from The World Bank - Latin America & Caribbean: http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/COUNTRIES/LACEXT/0,,menuPK:258575~pagePK:146732~piPK:146813~theSitePK:258554,00.html

Todo Expertos. (2008, May). Estimaci□n consumo electrico + nueva normativa ICP. Retrieved May 2011, from Todo Expertos: http://www.todoexpertos.com/categorias/casa-y-jardin/electricidad-del-hogar/respuestas/1848126/estimacion-consumo-electrico-nueva-normativa-icp

United States - Deparment of Labor. (2011). United States - Deparment of Labor - Occupational Safety & Healthy Administration. Retrieved May 2011, from Noise Hearing Conservation: http://www.osha.gov/dts/osta/otm/noise/health_effects/soundpressure_aweighted.html

Universidad Rafael Land□var. (2010). Tarifa electrica y facturacion en guatemala. Retrieved June 2011, from Comision Nacional De Energia Electrica: http://www.cnee.gob.gt/pdf/resoluciones/2001/31-2001.pdf

Wikipedia. (n.d.). Chernobyl disaster. Retrieved May 2011, from Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chernobyl_disaster

Wikipedia. (2011, May). Fukushima I nuclear accidents. Retrieved May 2011, from Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fukushima_I_nuclear_accidents

Wikipedia. (2011, May). Renewable energy. Retrieved May 2011, from Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renewable_energy

Wind Turbine Diy. (n.d.). General Information about Small Wind Turbine Systems. Retrieved June 06, 2011, from Wind Turbine Diy: http://www.windturbinediy.com/p134305-general-information-about-small-wind-turbine.cfm

Wineur. (2007, 02). Urban Wind Turbines - Guidelines For Small Wind Turbines In The Built Environment. Retrieved 05 2011, from Wineur - Urban Wind: www.urbanwind.org

Wineur. (2010). Urban Wind Turbines - Technology Review. Retrieved March 15, 2011, from Wind Energy Integration in the Urban Environment: http://www.urbanwind.net/wineur.html

全文公開日期本全文未授權公開 (校內網路)
全文公開日期本全文未授權公開 (校外網路)

簡易檢索 / 詳目顯示

相關論文