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研究生： 洪妙育
Hung, Miao-Yu
論文名稱： 台灣閩南語中日語借詞的聲學研究
An acoustic study of Japanese loanwords into Taiwanese Southern Min
指導教授： 謝豐帆
Hsieh, Feng-fan
口試委員: 張月琴
Chang, Yueh-chin
許慧娟
Hsu, Hui-chuan
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 人文社會學院 - 語言學研究所
Institute of Linguistics
論文出版年： 2016
畢業學年度： 104
語文別： 英文
論文頁數： 85
中文關鍵詞： 台灣閩南語 、日語借詞 、時長 、基頻
外文關鍵詞： Taiwanese Southern Min (TSM), Japanese, loanword, duration, Fundamental frequency (F0)
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    • 本論文的研究目的是要探究相較於台灣閩南語本族詞，日語借詞在聲學層面上是否有所不同。前人對於台灣閩南語日語借詞的聲調描述僅限於聽覺描寫，因此本論文從基頻(fundamental frequency)和時長(duration)兩方面的聲學特性先對台灣閩南語本族詞和日語借詞做聲學描述，之後再將兩組詞的聲學數據做比較。
    本論文的主要發現有下列四項: 第一，日語借詞聲調之實際調值和文獻中的紀錄不盡相同。第二，借詞升調不同於本族詞升調。第三，我們在本族詞和借詞皆發現了一個新的中降短舒聲調。第四，日語借詞的前字高調，前字中調，後字中降短調和後字入聲中調之音長皆明顯短於本族詞的相對應音長。

    The aim of the thesis is to investigate whether Japanese loanwords in Mainstream Taiwanese Southern Min (TSM) have different phonetic realizations from native words. Therefore, this thesis provides acoustic descriptions of tones of both native words and loanwords of Taiwanese Southern Min respectively. And then a comparison is made between Japanese loanwords and native words in terms of fundamental frequency (F0) and duration.
    The main findings are as follows: first, our acoustic study’s results of Japanese loanwords are not completely consistent with the previous impressionistic transcription. Second, the loan rising tone is different from that in the previous studies. Third, we found a new “half-long” mid falling tone in both native words and loanwords. Fourth, the non-final vowel durations of the high tones and mid tones (both in CV structure) from Japanese loanwords are relatively shorter than those from native words.

    ABSTRACTi 摘要ii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS(誌謝辭)iii TABLE OF CONTENTSiv LIST OF FIGURESvii LIST OF TABLESix Chapter 1 Introduction1 1.1 Introduction2 1.2 Literature review2 1.2.1 Taiwanese Southern Min (TSM)3 1.2.2 Japanese loanword tones in Taiwanese Southern Min4 1.2.3 Organization of this thesis6 Chapter 2 Methods8 2.1 Test Material 8 2.2 Subjects10 2.3 Recording procedure11 2.4 Data analysis11 2.5 Tone letters14 Chapter 3 The acoustic realizations of tones17 3.1 LZ-normalized F0 contours17 3.1.1 Native tones17 3.1.1.1 Final tones17 3.1.1.2 Non-final (sandhi) tones21 3.1.2 Loan tones23 3.1.2.1 Final tons24 3.1.2.2 Non-final tones25 3.2 Duration28 3.2.1 Native tones28 3.2.1.1 Final tones28 3.2.1.2 Non-final tones31 3.2.2 Loan words32 3.2.2.1 Final tones32 3.2.2.2 Non-final tones34 Chapter 4 A comparison of previous studies and this study36 4.1 Tone system in native words36 4.1.1 Native non-final syllable37 4.1.2 Native final syllable40 4.2 Tones in loanwords41 4.2.1 Loan non-final syllable43 4.2.1.1 Loan non-final high tone [55] in previous study46 4.2.1.2 Loan non-final rising tone [35] in previous study46 4.2.1.3 Loan non-final falling tone [51] in previous study47 4.2.1.4 Loan non-final falling tone [21] in previous study48 4.2.1.5 Loan non-final mid tone [33] in previous study48 4.2.1.6 Loan non-final high checked tone [5]p,t,k in previous study49 4.2.2 Loan final syllable49 4.2.2.1 Loan final falling tone [51] in previous study51 4.2.2.2 Loan final low tone [21] in previous study51 4.2.2.3 Loan final mid tone [33] in previous study52 4.2.2.4 Loan final mid checked tone [3]ʔ in the previous study53 4.2.2.5 Loan final low tone [11] in previous study53 Chapter 5 A comparison of native words and loanwords55 5.1 Non-final syllable56 5.1.1 Native word [44] vs. loanword [44]56 5.1.2 Native word [212] vs. loanword [323] and [23]58 5.1.3 Native word [53] vs. loanword [53]61 5.1.4 Native word vs. loanword [33] 63 5.1.5 Native word [54]p,t,k vs. loanword [44]p,t,k64 5.2 Final syllable66 5.2.1 Native word [52] vs. loanwords [52] 66 5.2.2 Native word [32]ʔ vs. loanwords [32]ʔ 67 5.3 Interim summary70 Chapter 6 General discussions and conclusions72 6.1 Different behaviors in loanwords72 6.1 1 LZ-normalized F0 contour72 6.1.1.1 Non-lexical tones in loanwords72 6.1.1.2 Tone variation in loanwords73 6.1.2 Duration73 6.2 “Half-long” mid falling tone73 6.3 The distribution of glottal stops75 6.4 Conclusions76 REFERENCES78 Appendix Word lists80

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