在這個研究裡，我們發展出一個可以測試天然物的in vitro實驗模式。這個模式利用人類臍帶血的單核細胞作為檢測平台，來觀察在細胞培養中加入天然物，經過培養之後，不同的免疫細胞表現型呈現的改變情形。傳統的一些保健天然物，比如靈芝或葡萄子萃取物，以之加入細胞培養中七天，進行觀察並用流式細胞計數法分析。在臍帶血單核細胞之中的幹細胞/祖原細胞，被天然物中的有效成分所誘導，在培養中逐漸進行增生、成熟以及分化的情形。與對照組相比較，許多經過天然物刺激後的細胞表現型呈現的變化，顯示出統計學上有意義的差異。
流式細胞計數儀器是用來做細胞型表現的分析。在這個研究中，我們也發展出一種以細胞流液壓力式的微晶片，在安捷倫生物分析機 (Bioanalyzer) 上應用，結果證實可以用來替代傳統的流式細胞儀分析，所需要的細胞甚至少到兩百個而已，這對於不容易取得細胞來源而僅有極少量細胞時的實驗將是非常重要。
利用本平台測試，我們觀察到靈芝可以增加自然殺手細胞在臍帶血單核細胞中的比率。而經過天然物誘導增多後的自然殺手細胞，拿來做細胞毒殺測試，其能力是正常的。同時，這些誘導增加後的免疫細胞，也讓我們用來觀察作用細胞(effector) 與目標細胞之間的較佳毒殺力比率。至於在細胞分化的不同時間做觀察設計，未來也可以用來協助進行系統生物學的研究。
以這個模式篩選有免疫效力的天然物是十分合用的。我們發現有些天然物可以增加某種免疫細胞比率，相對的有些卻減少免疫細胞數。進而我們又用這一個模型對特定天然物之內的有效組成，分別再加以驗證，以找出究竟是那一部分的化學成分在作用上最要緊。這麼一來，想要針對於具有促進免疫力的天然物全力投入生產或著研究者就可以很快找出方向。
經由本實驗，我們又確認了天然物在某些濃度以下，刺激免疫細胞增多的效果是不夠的，藉此可以定量出較佳的有效刺激濃度，而有助於測定一些增強免疫力為主之健康食品的有效口服劑量。
總之，本研究顯示了這個細胞測試平台可以幫助改善保健天然物最常被詬病的科學證據不足的弱點。幹細胞/祖原細胞的確可被許多天然物所刺激及誘導，從而改變其細胞分化以及增殖的軌跡；若再加上其他的分子生物技術，此方法也可以有助於藥物開發的。

An in vitro model for testing natural substances is developed in this study. The model used mononuclear cells (MNCs) from human umbilical cord blood (hUCB) for phenotypic expression induction platform. Natural substances, such as Ganoderma or grape seed proanthocyanidins extract, were added to the medium and then cultured for seven days. The stem cells/progenitors contained in the mononuclear cells were modulated by the active ingredients and changed in the course of differentiation and maturation. Flow cytometry was used for phenotypic analysis. Meanwhile, we utilized a cell-fluid based microchip on Agilent Bioanalyzer, and discovered an alternative assay method for phenotypic expression studies. Such a measurement could analyze the phenotypes of cells in a small population as few as 200 cells with good sensitivity and accuracy.
We found that Ganoderma lucidum extract could enhance the NK cells composition in immune cell subpopulation when used to treat hUCB MNCs. After treatment, the enriched NK cells preserved similar cytotoxicity function. Enrichment of specific subsets of immune cells enabled us to explore further studies, such as investigating the optimal effector-to-target cells ratio in this study, or potential future systems biology experiments during differentiation courses.
The model was also utilized to screen different sort of natural substances. We found that, for example, wheat grass extract up-regulated CD 56+ NK cell composition, whereas rutin and quercetin down-regulated instead. Different fractions of natural substances could be further testified quickly with this platform.
Furthermore, we observed no significant change as the concentration of natural substance was below a critical concentration. The optimal oral consumption dosage of a specific natural health product could be predicted.
Taken together, we demonstrated that this technique provides a good platform to study natural substances. The responses of stem cells/progenitors to natural substances, the alteration in phenotypic expression of immune cell subpopulation, and the modulation of human immunity could be further explicated using this technique.

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