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研究生： 朱振嘉
Jhu, Jhen-Jia.
論文名稱： 基於第三代製程能力指標發展三種型態快速轉換抽樣系統
Developing Three Types of Quick Switching Sampling Systems Based on the Third-Generation Capability Index
指導教授： 吳建瑋
Wu, Chien-Wei
口試委員: 蘇明鴻
Su, Ming-Hung
張英仲
Chang, Ying-Chung
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 工學院 - 工業工程與工程管理學系
Department of Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management
論文出版年： 2018
畢業學年度： 106
語文別： 中文
論文頁數： 63
中文關鍵詞： 製程能力指標 、驗收抽樣計畫 、快速轉換抽樣系統 、操作特性曲線 、平均抽樣樣本數 、平均連串長度
外文關鍵詞： process capability index, acceptance sampling plan, quick switching sampling system, operating characteristic curve, average sample number, average run length
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    • 隨著科技的進步、生產技術的提升，產品種類越來越多元，「品質」成為吸引消費者購買的重要因素，也因高度競爭環境，生產者更加重視自身產品品質並利用統計品質管制來提升品質。驗收抽樣計畫(acceptance sampling plan)是一個實用的工具，透過抽樣檢驗提供有效的資訊給決策者進行貨批判定。
    快速轉換抽樣系統(Quick Switching Sampling system, QSS system)包含正常檢驗及加嚴檢驗兩種單次驗收抽樣計畫，可以根據歷史資訊在兩種檢驗計畫下進行快速轉換，已被證實可以減少抽樣成本因而被廣泛使用。另外製程能力指標也常被用來衡量品質，其中第三代製程能力指標 除了考量良率和變異之外，同時可以反映產品的品質損失。本研究目的為發展基於製程能力指標 之計量型快速轉換抽樣系統，並且針對三種不同參數組合之抽樣系統，建構其最佳化數學模型，並利用非線性規劃求解出三種抽樣系統參數值。透過操作特性曲線(Operating Characteristic curve, OC curve)、平均抽樣樣本數(Average Sample Number, ASN)以及平均連串長度(Average Run Length, ARL)分析系統的績效，並且與單次驗收抽樣計畫比較。最後以實際案例說明本研究提出之抽樣系統的操作流程，供未來使用者作參考。

    Nowadays, numbers of variety of products have been produced, people pay more attention to the quality of products. Many scholars proposed various acceptance sampling plans, which can be a practical quality tool.
    　　Acceptance sampling plan provides rules for making a decision of product acceptance with the preset quality requirement. A quick switching sampling (QSS) system, which consists of normal sampling plan and tightened sampling plan, has been proposed for lot inspection. This system has been shown to reduce sampling costs by switching flexibly according to quality inspections in the past. The purpose of this research is to develop a variables quick switching sampling system (VQSS) based on the third-generation process capability index. In order to obtain the parameters of VQSS system, a minimization problem is constructed. The performance of the proposed system is also investigated with Operating Characteristic (OC) curve, Average Sample Number (ASN) and Average Run Length (ARL), and then compared to the traditional single sampling plan. Finally, the practical case is used to illustrate the sampling system proposed in this research for future reference.

    摘要 i Abstract ii 目錄 iii 圖目錄 v 表目錄 vi 第一章 緒論 1 1.1 研究背景與動機 1 1.2 研究目的 2 1.3 研究架構 2 第二章 文獻探討 4 2.1 製程能力指標 4 2.1.1 製程能力指標之發展 5 2.1.2 製程能力指標 之估計式 8 2.1.3 製程能力指標 之抽樣分配 8 2.1.4 製程能力指標 之假設檢定 9 2.2 驗收抽樣計畫 10 2.2.1 驗收抽樣計畫之分類及發展 11 2.2.2 驗收抽樣計畫之績效衡量 14 2.2.3 快速轉換抽樣系統 16 第三章 基於製程能力指標 之快速轉換抽樣系統 18 3.1 快速轉換抽樣系統之概念及操作流程 18 3.2 快速轉換抽樣系統之允收機率函數 20 3.3 快速轉換抽樣系統參數之數學模型 22 3.3.1 之數學模型 24 3.3.2 之數學模型 25 3.3.3 之數學模型 26 3.4 快速轉換抽樣系統之求解結果分析 27 3.4.1 之求解結果分析 27 3.4.2 之求解結果分析 33 3.4.3 之求解結果分析 35 第四章 結果分析與比較 37 4.1 操作特性曲線 37 4.1.1 之操作特性曲線分析 38 4.1.2 之操作特性曲線分析 39 4.1.3 之操作特性曲線分析 40 4.2 平均抽樣樣本數 41 4.2.1 不同目標式之平均樣本數比較 41 4.2.2 三型系統與單次驗收抽樣計畫之平均樣本數比較 44 4.3 平均連串長度 50 第五章 案例分析 53 第六章 結論與未來展望 58 6.1 結論 58 6.2 未來展望 60 參考文獻 61

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