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研究生： 林靜華
Lin, Ching-Hua
論文名稱： 人體表面積資料庫與估算公式之建立
The Establishment of Human Body Surface Area Database and Estimation Formula
指導教授： 游志雲
Yu, Chi-Yuang
口試委員:
學位類別： 博士
Doctor
系所名稱： 工學院 - 工業工程與工程管理學系
Department of Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management
論文出版年： 2010
畢業學年度： 98
語文別： 英文
論文頁數： 98
中文關鍵詞： 人體表面積(BSA) 、人體肢段表面積(SBSA) 、3D人體掃瞄儀 、Du Bois和Du Bois公式 、Lund和Browder圖表
外文關鍵詞： Body Surface Area (BSA), Segmental Body Surface Area (SBSA), 3D Body Scanners, Du Bois and Du Bois’ Height-Weight Formula, Lund and Browder Chart
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    • 本研究的目的是利用3D掃瞄資料建立人體表面積(Body Surface Area, 以下簡稱BSA)資料庫，發展BSA估算公式，及修正Lund和Browder圖表。樣本數為男女各135人。為使樣本的分佈具代表性，抽樣方法依據過去的大型資料庫分層為5種身高級距及3種體重級距。量測儀器使用工研院開發的3D人體掃瞄儀及高解析度的手/腳掃瞄儀，而BSA及人體肢段表面積(Segmental Body Surface Area, 以下簡稱SBSA)計算的演算法是加總三角網格資料的所有三角形面積；其所得之BSA的精確度小於1%。資料庫中BSA、16肢段SBSA及NSBSA(Normalized Segmental Body Surface Area, 以下簡稱NBSA)的呈現分為15分層的男性、女性及總合(結合男、女兩性的資料)。經比較分析，本研究的BSA資料與Du Bois和Du Bois的樣本相當，但小於Tikuisis 等人的數據，可能是由於樣本的身體尺寸差異所致。新發展的BSA估算公式為 , 經比較分析，其估算誤差較Du Bois 和 Du Bois的小，且顯著地優於其他6個公式。而Du Bois 和 Du Bois的公式則僅顯著地優於Boyd 公式及Haycock等人公式。資料庫中的NSBSA資料，經與Lund和Browder圖表比較後，其差異最大為2.30%。修正後的新Lund和Browder圖表分為總合圖表、男性圖表及女性圖表來呈現，以供不同需要之參考。

    This study was aimed to establish a body surface area (BSA) database, to derive a height-weight BSA estimation formula, and to revise the normalized segmental body surface area (NSBSA) of Lund and Browder chart based on three dimensional (3D) scan data. For each gender, 135 subjects were drawn. The sampling was stratified in five stature heights and three body weights according to a previous survey. The 3D body surface shape was measured using an innovated 3D body scanner and a high resolution hand/foot scanner, the BSA and segmental body surface area (SBSA) were computed based on the summation of every tiny triangular area of triangular meshes of the scanned surface; and the accuracy of BSA measurement is below 1%. The results of BSA and sixteen SBSAs were tabulated in fifteen strata for the male, the female and the total (two genders combined). The comparison of BSA shows that the BSA of this study is comparable with the Du Bois and Du Bois’ but smaller than that of Tikuisis et al. The difference might be attributed to body size difference between the samples. A new BSA estimation formula, , was obtained. An accuracy test showed that this formula has smaller estimation error than that of the Du Bois and Du Bois’; and significantly better than other six BSA estimation formulae. To revise new Lund and Browder chart, the NSBSA data was used. The comparison of NSBSA shows that the differences of NSBSA between this study and the Lund and Browder chart can be high up to 2.30 %BSA. The new Lund and Browder chart for the Total, the Male and the Female are offered for reference.

    摘要 i Abstract ii Chapter 1 Introduction 1 Chapter 2 Literature Review 8 2.1 The Application of BSA 8 2.2 Methods for Measuring and Estimating BSA 12 2.2.1 Direct Measurement 13 2.2.1.1 Coating 13 2.2.1.2 Surface integrator 17 2.2.1.3 Silhouettes 18 2.2.2 Geometric Approximation 19 2.2.3 Formulae 22 2.2.3.1 Weight formulae 23 2.2.3.2 Height-weight formulae 23 2.2.3.3 Other formulae 26 2.3 Du Bois and Du Bois’ Formula 27 2.4 3D Body Scanners 31 Chapter 3 Materials and Methods 36 3.1 Sampling 36 3.2 Apparatus and Software 38 3.2.1 3D Scanners 40 3.2.2 Validation 43 3.2.3 Segments Dissection and BSA/SBSA Calculation 48 3.3 The Presentation of BSA/SBSA Database 51 3.4 The Derivation of BSA Estimation Formulae 52 3.5 The Revision of Lund and Browder Chart 53 Chapter 4 Results and Discussion 55 4.1 The BSA Database 55 4.1.1 BSA 55 4.1.2 SBSA and NSBSA 58 4.2 BSA Estimation Formula 58 4.3 The Revision of Lund and Browder Chart 63 Chapter 5 Conclusion 71 References 74 Appendix A – The Male SBSA Database 78 Appendix B – The Female SBSA Database 84 Appendix C – The Query Table of the Formula of This Study 90

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