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研究生： 劉家豪
論文名稱： 多壁奈米碳管/酚醛樹脂複合材料之機械性質研究
Mechanical properties of MWNT/Phenolic Composite
指導教授： 葉孟考 教授
Dr. Meng-Kao Yeh
戴念華 教授
Dr. Nyan-Hwa Tai
口試委員:
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 工學院 - 動力機械工程學系
Department of Power Mechanical Engineering
論文出版年： 2004
畢業學年度： 92
語文別： 中文
論文頁數： 87
中文關鍵詞： 多壁碳管 、酚醛樹脂 、複合材料
相關次數： 點閱：4  下載：0 
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    • 奈米碳管不僅擁有優秀物理性質，也具備優秀機械性質。利用奈米碳管優秀機械性質，如高比強度、高韌性，與高分子材料混合，可提昇高分子材料之各項機械性質。本文以熱固性高分子材料酚醛樹脂為基材，加入以化學氣相沉積法生成之兩種不同結構(粉碎、未粉碎)多壁奈米碳管，探討其不同碳管重量百分比對複合材料之抗拉強度、破壞應變、楊氏模數及波松比等機械性質之影響，結果顯示未粉碎碳管製成之複合材料試片，其機械性質較粉碎碳管製成之複合材料試片為佳。文中以修正型Halpin-Tsai方程式表示楊氏模數與碳管體積百分率之關係，具有不錯的嵌合效果。另外，也對多壁碳管進行化學處理使其具備胺官能基群，以為加強多壁碳管與酚醛樹脂間的介面接合，與粉碎碳管製成之複合材料試片比較後，僅楊氏模數上有提昇的效果。為了探究高分子材料特有的黏彈性質，亦以動態機械分析儀進行儲存模數、損失模數及 的測試，結果顯示多壁碳管的加入有助於增加材料內部的交連程度。最後以場發射掃描式電子顯微鏡(FESEM)觀察複合材料拉伸測試後之破裂表面的微結構，以獲得碳管與酚醛樹脂基材間之抽出、躺平、壓印與交叉等補強或破壞機制。

    目　錄 頁次 摘要………………………………………………………………….. i 致謝…………………………………………………………………. ii 目錄…………………………………………………………………. iii 圖表目錄……………………………………………………………. v 第一章 緒論………………..……………………………………….. 1 1.1 研究動機………………………...………………………….. 2 1.2 參考文獻………………………...………………………….. 3 1.3 研究主題………………………...………………………….. 8 第二章 實驗步驟……………..…………………………………….. 9 2.1 實驗儀器…….……………………………………………… 9 2.2 化學氣相沉積法生成多壁碳管……………………………. 12 2.3碳管表面胺(NH2-)官能基的生成…………………………… 14 2.4 多壁碳管/酚醛樹脂複合材料……………………...………. 16 2.5 抗拉測試……………………………………………………. 18 2.6 動態機械分析………………………………………………. 19 2.7 場發射掃描式電子顯微鏡之觀察……….………………… 20 第三章 數據分析方法…………………………………………..….. 22 3.1 ASTM測試之規範..…………………………..……………... 22 3.2 數據分析……...……………………………………………..態………………………………………………. 22 3.3 最小平方法….…………………………………...…………. 23 3.4 Halpin-Tsai方程式…………………………….……………. 25 3.5 Keley-Tyson模型……………………………………………. 28 第四章 結果與討論…………………………………………… 30 4.1 化學氣相沉積法之製程參數………………………………. 30 4.2 碳管表面官能基群之選擇………………………………….…………………………………. 31 4.3 多壁奈米碳管/酚醛樹脂之製程技術……………………… 32 4.4 複合材料拉伸測試之結果…………………………………. 33 4.5 動態機械分析之結果………………………………………. 37 4.6 場發射掃描式電子顯微鏡之型態觀察……………………. 40 第五章 結論…….….……………………………………………….. 42 參考文獻……………………………..……………………………… 44 圖表………………………………..………………………………… 48 附錄………………………………………………………………….. 86 圖表目錄 頁次 表 4-1 抗拉強度結果表……………...…………...………………. 48 表 4-2 楊氏模數結果表…………...……………….…….……….. 48 表 4-3 破壞應變結果表…………………………………………... 49 表 4-4 波松比結果表……………………………………………... 49 表 4-5 氨基碳管/酚醛樹脂的拉伸測試結果…………………….. 50 表 4-6 形狀因子與多壁碳管重量百分比之關係………………... 50 表 4-7 動態機械分析之玻璃轉換溫度 結果表………………... 51 圖2-1 CVD系統示意圖…………………………….……………. 52 圖2-2 粉碎機………….………………………………………….. 53 圖2-3 超音波振動機…………………….……………………….. 53 圖2-4 電磁攪拌機及磁石……….……………………………….. 54 圖2-5 迷你鑽石切割機…………………………...……………… 54 圖2-6 真空烘箱……………………..……………………………. 55 圖2-7 熱壓機……………………………...……………..……….. 55 圖2-8 拉壓試驗機…………………………………………...…… 56 圖2-9 場發射掃描式電子顯微鏡………………………………... 56 圖2-10 水循環真空過濾系統……………………………………... 57 圖2-11 動態機械分析儀………………………...………………… 57 圖2-12 以化學氣相沉積法製作之多壁奈米碳管(粉碎前)……… 58 圖2-13 多壁奈米碳管的直徑統計圖……………………………... 58 圖2-14 以化學氣相沉積法製作之多壁奈米碳管(粉碎後)……… 59 圖2-15 相同重量粉碎前後碳管的體積圖………………………... 59 圖2-16 上下模熱壓法示意圖……………………………………... 60 圖2-17 上下模、脫模布及鋁框擺設示意圖……………………… 61 圖2-18 拉伸測試的應力-應變曲線示意圖……………………….. 61 圖2-19 拉伸測試的側向應變-軸向應變曲線示意圖…………….. 62 圖2-20 動態機械分析操作示意圖………………………………... 62 圖2-21 動態機械量測結果示意圖………………………………... 63 圖3-1 Kelly-Tyson模型示意圖…………………………………... 63 圖3-2 有效長度示意圖…………………………………………... 64 圖4-1 具胺基之多壁碳管的FT-IR圖…………………………. 64 圖4-2 PF-650酚醛樹脂之DSC分析……………………………. 65 圖4-3 多壁碳管分布於酚醛樹脂FESEM圖..………………….. 65 圖4-4 拉伸測試試片圖………………………...………………… 66 圖4-5 抗拉強度結果……………………………….....………….. 67 圖4-6 楊氏模數結果..………………………………………….... 67 圖4-7 以SEM拍攝試片中的微小瑕疵…………………………. 68 圖4-8 氨基碳管試片的抗拉強度結果…………………………. 69 圖4-9 氨基碳管試片的楊氏模數結果………………………….. 69 圖4-10 以修正型Halpin-Tsai方程式嵌合粉碎結構楊氏模數…... 70 圖4-11 以修正型Halpin-Tsai方程式嵌合未粉碎結構楊氏模數... 70 圖4-12 破壞應變結果圖………………………………………..…. 71 圖4-13 波松比結果圖..…………………………………………..... 71 圖4-14 粉碎碳管結構的儲存模數………..………………………. 72 圖4-15 未粉碎碳管結構的儲存模數….………………………….. 72 圖4-16 粉碎碳管結構的損失模數………………………………... 73 圖4-17 未粉碎碳管結構的損失模數……………………………... 73 圖4-18 粉碎碳管結構的 ……………………………………... 74 圖4-19 未粉碎碳管結構的 …………………………………... 74 圖4-20 交連程度與儲存模數曲線型態的關係…………………... 75 圖4-21 交連程度對於儲存模數曲線型態影響示意圖…………... 75 圖4-22 結晶度的影響……………………………………………... 76 圖4-23 分子量的影響……………………………………………... 76 圖4-24 4.0wt%兩種複合材料試片的應變能比較………………... 77 圖4-25 純酚醛樹脂試片破壞面FESEM圖………………………. 77 圖4-26 1.5、2.0及4.0 wt%破壞面FESEM圖……………………... 78 圖4-27 2.0及4.0 wt%未粉碎碳管破壞面大倍數FESEM圖…….. 81 圖4-28 2.0及4.0 wt%粉碎碳管破壞面大倍數FESEM圖……….. 82 圖4-29 高倍率觀察碳管抽出現象………………………………... 83 圖4-30 典型破壞面壓印現象……………………………………... 83 圖4-31 碳管於破裂面的壓印現象………………………………... 84 圖4-32 未粉碎碳管結構中碳管的交叉現象……………………... 85

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