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研究生: 羅威
Gibril Lowe
論文名稱: The Impact of Free Trade Agreement on Information Technology among African Countries.
指導教授: 楊千旻
Celeste C. Yang
口試委員: 冼芻蕘
Sin, Chor-Yiu
馮炳萱.
Fung, Loretta
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 科技管理學院 - 國際專業管理碩士班
International Master of Business Administration(IMBA)
論文出版年: 2013
畢業學年度: 101
語文別: 英文
論文頁數: 55
中文關鍵詞: Free Trade AgreementInformation TechnologyTelecommunicationsAfrica
外文關鍵詞: Free Trade Agreement, Information Technology, Telecommunications, Africa
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  • ABSTRACT

    The African continent just like in other parts of the world has an over whelming number of Intra African free trade agreements in which a number of countries comes together in other to enable free trade among them and also a range of other agreements but despite these significant number of free trade agreements among the African countries ,this continent is still regarded as the least developed when it comes to information technology, the focus of this paper is to determine the impact of this free trade agreements on information technology .
    After thorough analysis of the intra African free trade agreements such as ECOWAS and that of an African country and a high income country, It has be seen that the intra African free trade agreements has not done much to improve information technology compared to what can be achieved when they formed free trade agreements with the high income countries such as the U.S. and Morocco free trade agreements. Nevertheless, attention should be given to the fact that about 9 million or more people have largely been left out of the "global information society" and it is also undeniable that, the importance of information technology cannot be over emphasized in the development of any nation in which the African countries are not an exception. Lack of policies and strategies, prerequisites such as dependable electricity and too much foreign dependence are some of the main issues that are affecting the development of information technology in Africa.

    Key Words: Free Trade Agreement, Information Technology, Telecommunications,Africa


    Contents Chapter 1: INTRODUCTION 4 1.1 Background 6 1.2 Motivation and Contribution 7 Chapter 2: IT INDUSTRY BACKGROUND IN WEST AFRICA 9 2.1 Introduction 9 2.2 Analyzing the IT industry in Africa 9 2.3 Conclusion 18 Chapter 3: FREE TRADE AGREEMENTS 19 3.1 Introduction 19 3.2 Definitions of free trade Agreement 20 3.3 Levels of Economic Integration 21 3.4 Effects of Economic Integration 23 3.5 Different Free Trade Agreements in Africa 26 3.6 Conclusion 35 Chapter 4: HOW FTA AFFECTS THE IT INDUSTRY 37 4.1 Direct effect 37 4.2 Indirect effect 38 4.3 Reasons for the past lack of success of African regional Agreements (Case of COMESA) 40 Chapter 5: SUCCESSFUL FREE TRADE AGREEMENT THAT CAN HELP IT INDUSTRY 44 5.1 Morocco-U.S. Free Trade Agreement 44 5.2 Analysis of Morocco Information Technology Industry after the free trade agreement 46 5.4 Comparing U.S. and Morocco Free Trade Agreement to the African countries FTA. 50 5.5 Lessons Learn from the U.S. Morocco Free Trade Agreement 51 Chapter 6: CONCLUSION 52 REFERENCES 54

    REFERENCES
    1.Charles W.L. Hill, “Regional Economic Integration”, pp. 265 – 295, 2011, McGraw-Hill/Irwin
    2. Anthony J. Venables, “Regional Integration Agreements: a force for convergence or divergence”, pp.1 - 3, June 1999, Paper prepared for the Annual Bank Conference on Development Economics,
    3. C. Fred Bergsten, “Globalizing Free Trade”,pp.105 – 106,May-June 1996,Council on Foreign Relation
    4. Jacob Wanjala Musila,”The Intensity of Trade Creation and Trade Diversion in COMESA, ECCAS AND ECOWAS:A Comparative Analysis”,pp.117 - 119,2005,Oxford University Press
    5. M. Odedra, M. Lawrie, M. Bennett, S. Goodman, “Information Technology in Sub-Saharan Africa”, pp.25 – 27, February 1993, UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA - AFRICAN STUDIES CENTER
    6. Simplice G. Zouhon-Bi Lynge Nielsen," The Economic Community of West African States ",World Bank Policy Research Working Paper 4266, June 2007
    7. Maurice Schiff and L. Alan Winters, “Regional Integration and Development”, pp.31 – 32, 2003, A co-publication of the World Bank and Oxford University Press.

    8. Simplice G. Zouhon-Bi Lynge Nielsen," The Economic Community of West African States " , pp.3 -5 ,June 2007, World Bank Policy Research Working Paper 4266
    9. Alemayehu Geda and Haile Kibret,"Regional Economic Integration in Africa: A Review of Problems and Prospects with a Case Study of COMESA",pp. 11, January 2002.
    10. Mareike Meyn,The Progress of Economic Regionalization in Southern Africa – Challenges for SADC and COMESA,"NEPRU Yearbook", pp.12 – 13, 2005

    11. Raymond J. Ahearn,"CRS Report for Congress" ,pp. 1 ,March 15, 2004 ,Food Chemical News Publishing.

    Websites
    1. Write Work
    http://www.writework.com/essay/define-regional-economic-integration
    2. Wikipedia
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_Community_of_West_African_States
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_African_Community
    3. ECOWAS
    http://www.comm.ecowas.int/sec/index.php?id=treaty
    4. COMESA
    http://about.comesa.int/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=95&Itemid=191
    5. East African Community (EAC)
    http://www.eac.int/

    6. International telecommunication Union

    http://www.itu.int/ITU-D/ict/statistics/ict/
    7. OFFICE of the UNITED STATES TRADE REPRESENTATIVE
    http://www.ustr.gov/trade-agreements/free-trade-agreements/morocco-fta
    8. AFRICA A SOFTWARE PIRACY HUB
    http://www.balancingact-africa.com/news/en/issue-no-258/computing/africa-a-software-pi/en
    9. South African Government News Agency
    http://www.sanews.gov.za/south-africa/african-population-reaches-1-billion-report

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