考量供應鏈之不確定性下永續性產品設計之研究

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研究生：	鄧力瑋 Teng, Li-Wei
論文名稱：	考量供應鏈之不確定性下永續性產品設計之研究 An Integral Methodology for Sustainable Product and Supply Chain Design Decisions under Uncertainties
指導教授：	邱銘傳 Chiu, Ming-Chuan
口試委員:	朱詣尹 Chu, Yee-Yeen 郭財吉 Kuo, Tsai-Chi
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	工學院 - 工業工程與工程管理學系 Department of Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management
論文出版年：	2013
畢業學年度：	101
語文別：	英文
論文頁數：	55
中文關鍵詞：	永續設計、永續性產品設計、供應鏈設計、模糊集合論、供應商篩選
外文關鍵詞：	Design for Sustainability, Sustainable Product Design, Design for Supply Chain, Fuzzy Set Theory, Supplier Selection
相關次數：	點閱：3 下載：0
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由於產品生命週期的縮短，企業在設計與製造產品時，必須更全面地考量不同的層面，因應自然資源的短缺與越來越嚴格的環保法規等限制下，迫使企業在新產品開發階段必須更加思考如何獲得更高的利潤、滿足顧客的需求與評估產品的生命週期；在過去十年中，許多的研究已將供應鏈的概念和永續性的要素結合並融入產品設計當中；然而，大多數的研究主要著重於確定性方法的探討，但企業在永續性發展的改善上將面臨環境所帶來的不確定性，而目前都還沒有適當的方法進行分析。本研究旨在提出一個整合性的方法，運用模糊集合論來處理供應鏈中所產生的不確定性因素，並且考量產品的拆解性與供應鏈網路中的成本、前置時間與碳排放量；在產品的開發階段，此永續性的觀點不僅僅運用在產品的設計上，同時也考量了整個供應鏈的設計；最後利用一個案例來驗證此方法的優點。

Enterprises have been increasingly forced to consider broader aspects while designing and manufacturing products. The scarcity of natural resources plus sterner environmental regulations have obliged enterprises to develop new products that can satisfy profit, people, and planet during their life cycles. During the last decade, numerous research efforts have incorporated supply chain and sustainability factors into product design. However, most of these studies have generated deterministic based methodologies. Enterprises intending to improve sustainability under uncertainties have been left without an appropriate method of analysis. This study presents a method based on fuzzy set theory intended to tackle uncertainty in the supply chain and to highlights sustainable design concepts involving product disassemblability, supply chain network cost, lead time, and carbon footprints. The sustainability of both the product and the supply chain are considered at the product design stage. A case study demonstrates the advantage of this methodology.

Table of Contents
Abstract    4
Table of Contents    5
List of Figures    6
List of Tables    6
1. Introduction    7
2. Literature review    9
2.1 Coordination between Product and Supply Chain Management    9
2.2 Product Architecture    10
2.3 Closed Loop Supply Chain    11
2.3.1 Green Supply Chain    13
2.3.2 Reverse Logistic    14
2.3.3 Closed Loop Supply Chain    15
2.4 Fuzzy Approach for Addressing the Uncertainties in Supply Chain    17
2.4.1 Fuzzy Set Theory    18
2.4.2 Fuzzy Set    18
2.5 Summary    20
3. Methodology    21
3.1 Generate the design concept    23
3.2 Design for disassembly (DfDA)    23
3.3 Fuzzy method    25
3.3.1 Fuzzy c-means    26
3.3.2 Triangular Fuzzy Numbers (TFNs)    28
3.4 Defuzzification    29
3.5 Mathematical Formulation    30
3.5.1 Notation    30
3.5.2 Objective Function    31
3.5.3 Constraints    33
3.6 AHP and Taguchi loss function    35
3.6.1 Taguchi Loss Function    35
3.6.2 Analytic hierarchy process (AHP)    35
3.6.3 Estimation of loss through Taguchi Loss Function and AHP    36
4. Case study    37
5. Conclusion    48
6. References    50

List of Figures
Figure 2-1 – The relationship of value recovery    13
Figure 2-2 – Traditional supply chain (Beamon, 1999)    14
Figure 3-1 – Research Scope    21
Figure 3-2 – Research Framework    22
Figure 3-3– Product Disassembly Graph    24
Figure 3-4 – Transition Matrix    24
Figure 3-5 – Supply Chain Structure    25
Figure 3-6 – Triangular Fuzzy Numbers    29
Figure 3-7 –Triangular fuzzy numbers (TFNs)    29
Figure 4-1 – Scooter Function Basis Model    37
Figure 4- 2 – Vendors’ location in TW    39
Figure 4-3 – FCM Clustering Results    40
Figure 4-4 – Cost Interval    40
Figure 4-5 – Distributor A in Satisfied Level α = 0.6 (Unit: min)    43
Figure 4-6 – Three indicators (Cost, Time, and Carbon footprint)    44
Figure 4-7 – Design Concept Selection    45
Figure 4-8 – Simapro 7.3 assess the impact at the recycled component    46
Figure 4-9 – PD and Closed Loop SC Decisions    47

List of Tables
Table 4-1 – Eight & Six Modules of a Scooter    38
Table 4-2 – Components of a Scooter    38
Table 4-3 – Estimated Lead Time of Component Suppliers    41
Table 4-4 – Estimated Lead Time of Module Suppliers    41
Table 4-5 – Estimated Lead Time of Focal Company to all distributors    42
Table 4-6 – Characteristic and relative values of each Concept    44
Table 4-7 – Concept characteristic Taguchi loss    45
Table 4-8 – Pairwise comparison matrix of the three indicators    45
                                

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