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研究生： 曾郁文
論文名稱： 醋酸脫水及回收系統之分析與改善
Analysis and Improvement of Acetic Acid Dehydration and Recovery System
指導教授： 鄭西顯
口試委員: 汪上曉
錢義隆
陳誠亮
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 工學院 - 化學工程學系
Department of Chemical Engineering
論文出版年： 2012
畢業學年度： 100
語文別： 中文
論文頁數： 62
中文關鍵詞： 醋酸脫水
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    • 本研究針對醋酸脫水系統的共沸劑回收塔與醋酸除水塔進行操作上的分析與改善，工廠原始的設計是由醋酸正丁酯當作共沸劑，但目前工廠的醋酸正丁酯可能因為在反應器水解使得此醋酸除水系統變為由正丁醇當作共沸劑的情況下操作，因而發生了共沸劑回收塔無法負載流量的問題。本研究欲解決回收塔方面的問題，模擬了各月份共沸劑回收塔的溫度分佈，並推論出其系統的操作區域，分析結果發現將進料預熱可以使操作區域遠離泛溢的邊界，且再沸器的熱量設定在塔底正丁醇含量達到適當範圍之內，有助於減少系統共沸劑之損失亦可使系統保持操作穩定，本研究亦提供了工廠溫控塔板完善的溫度控制條件使共沸劑回收塔得以進行高穩定度且高負載之操作。在醋酸除水塔方面，因工廠進料與出料資料不足，本研究以簡化的方法來進行此塔的模擬，並推論其進料水含量比設計數據更高，再以動態模擬使溫度分佈符合現場數據。此塔在穩態模擬中無法得到收斂解，但是可在動態模擬中以比較穩健的收斂方法得到穩態解的結果，這樣的模擬結果為實際存在在工廠中的穩態解。但以模擬結果來看此塔的進料水量過多，且塔底的醋酸純度不高，有可能造成水在此系統中循環無法排出，若以對位二甲苯取代正丁醇當作共沸劑的操作，同樣可以維持工廠溫度，並可以減少再補充醋酸正丁酯，節省再沸器熱量，但是塔頂的醋酸損失量會增加，且塔內大部分區域會出現兩相，表示在進料水組成偏大的情況使用對位二甲苯當作共沸劑不一定是最佳的選擇。

    摘要............................I 謝誌............................II 目錄............................III 圖目錄...........................V 表目錄...........................VIII 第一章 緒論.....................1 1.1 前言........................1 1.2 共沸蒸餾.....................2 1.3 文獻回顧.....................5 1.4 研究動機.....................7 第二章 研究方法..................8 2.1 前言........................8 2.2 熱力學模式之參數..............8 2.2 熱力學模式之相圖..............9 第三章 系統描述..................16 第四章 共沸劑回收塔的分析與改善.....18 4.1 設計數據與現場數據分析.........18 4.2 現場數據模擬.................23 4.3 泛溢因子分析.................26 4.4 各月份數據模擬分析............27 4.5 操作區域判定.................30 4.6 進料溫度篩選.................34 4.7 A1塔溫度控制.................38 第五章 醋酸回收塔的分析與改善.......43 5.1 工廠數據分析.................43 5.2 簡化流程模擬.................46 5.3 提高水量模擬.................48 5.4 動態模擬....................48 5.5 以對位二甲苯取代正丁醇為共沸劑..53 第六章 結論.....................57 第七章 參考文獻..................59

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