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研究生: 陳祖望
Tzu-Wang Chen
論文名稱: 藉微波電漿輔助化學氣相沉積法合成氧化錫一維奈米結構之研究
The Research of 1D Tin Oxide Nanostructure Synthesized by MPECVD
指導教授: 施漢章
Han C. Shih
口試委員:
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 工學院 - 材料科學工程學系
Materials Science and Engineering
論文出版年: 2004
畢業學年度: 92
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 92
中文關鍵詞: 氧化錫奈米線奈米大頭針微波電漿輔助化學氣相沉積法
外文關鍵詞: Tin oxide, nanowire, nanopin, MPECVD
相關次數: 點閱:3下載:0
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  • 由於奈米材料的尺寸因素,使其與一般結晶或非晶質相原子結構具有特別不同之光、電、磁、熱、聲等物理及化學性質。目前已成為新材料及新光、電、磁元件之建構基石,也是目前國際上重點發展之前瞻性應用研究項目之一。氧化錫的奈米材料在電晶體、太陽能電池、透明導電電極、紫外光或氣體感測器等方面都有非常優越的應用。在本研究中發現,利用微波電漿輔助化學氣相沈積法,以金為觸媒,在矽基板上可合成出氧化錫的「奈米大頭針」(nanopins),因為其特殊的形狀引起了我們的興趣,經過了一番努力,佐以各方面的證據,我們推論其成長機制為「自催化的汽液固機制」(Self-catalytic VLS mechanism)。另外,在無觸媒的氧化鋁基板上也可成功製備出氧化錫之一維奈米結構。在掃瞄式電子顯微鏡(SEM)的觀察下,這些奈米大頭針外型具有一個大頭,以及細而均勻的身體,長度約數微米(micrometer),頭的直徑約50到60奈米(nanometer),身體的部分則約10到20奈米。進一步的分析則利用穿透式電子顯微鏡(TEM)觀察單一奈米線的外觀,並藉由能量散佈X射線光譜(EDX)確定其內含元素種類,再以選區電子繞射圖譜(SAD)配合低掠角X射線結晶繞射(XRD)確定其結晶型為四方晶(tetragonal)的氧化錫金紅石(rutile)結構。


    One-dimension tin oxide nano-structures have successfully been synthesized by microwave plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (MPECVD). In this study, the tin oxides (SnO2) 「Nanopins」 were fabricated on a silicon subtrate with gold catalyst. In other works, it was also found that SnO2 nanowire can be grown directly on silicon or on alumina substrate. In the first part of this research, the nanopin structure has been collected, because of its interesting morphology, therefore many works have been done to realize the growth mechanism of the 「Nanopin」. After a series of experiments, the growth mechanism is proposed as 「Self-catalytic VLS mechanism」. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observations reveal that the nanopins are uniform with a length about several micrometers, 50-60 nm in diameter closing to its head, and 10-20 nm in diameter of its body. The identification of the single nanopin was carried out by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and selected-area electron diffraction analysis (SAD) indicate that the nanowires are tetragonal rutile structure of SnO2, and its growth direction is along [001].

    論文摘要........................ i Abstract........................ ii 誌謝.......................... iii 目錄.......................... v 第一章 簡介...................... 1 1.1 奈米材料是什麼.................. 1 1.2 奈米材料的特殊效應................ 4 1.2.1 量子尺寸效應................. 4 1.2.2 表面和界面效應................ 6 1.2.3 巨觀量子穿隧效應............... 7 1.3 奈米科技的發展.................. 7 1.4 奈米科技的應用.................. 14 1.4.1 材料與製造.................. 14 1.4.2 奈米電子及電腦技術.............. 15 1.4.3 醫藥與健康.................. 16 1.4.4 航空與太空探測................ 16 1.4.5 環境與能源.................. 17 1.4.6 生物科技與農業................ 17 1.4.7 國家安全................... 18 第二章 文獻回顧.................... 20 2.1 一維奈米材料成長機制............... 21 2.1.1 「汽-固」(Vapor-Solid)機制.......... 21 2.1.2 「汽-液-固」(Vapor-Liquid-Solid)機制..... 23 2.1.3 「溶液-液-固」(Solution-Liquid-Solid)機制... 25 2.1.4 氧化物輔助成長(Oxide-assisted growth)機制... 25 2.2 一維奈米材料合成方法............... 26 2.2.1 熱蒸鍍法(Thermal Evaporation)......... 26 2.2.2 逆微乳膠法(Reverse Microemulsion)....... 27 2.2.3 利用多孔性材料合成奈米線........... 29 2.2.4 超音波化學法(Sonochemical approach)...... 30 2.3 氧化錫的性質與應用................ 31 2.3.1 場效電晶體.................. 32 2.3.2 紫外光偵測器或光電開關............ 34 2.3.3 氣體感測器.................. 36 第三章 實驗方法及量測儀器............... 39 3.1 實驗方法..................... 39 3.1.1 實驗設施(MPECVD).............. 39 3.1.2 實驗設計................... 42 3.1.3 實驗流程................... 42 3.1.3.1 準備工作.................. 42 3.1.3.2 實驗的進行................. 43 3.1.3.3 結構及性質分析............... 43 3.2 量測儀器..................... 45 3.2.1 掃瞄式電子顯微鏡............... 45 3.2.2 穿透式電子顯微鏡............... 45 3.2.3 X射線結晶繞射分析儀.............. 46 3.2.4 陰極發光分析儀................ 46 第四章 結果與討論................... 48 4.1 奈米線的合成................... 48 4.1.1 不同電漿作用的結果.............. 48 4.1.1.1 氫電漿的作用................ 49 4.1.1.2 氧電漿的作用................ 50 4.1.1.3 氬電漿的作用................ 50 4.1.1.4 綜合比較.................. 51 4.1.2 成長機制的推論................ 52 4.1.3 第二階段氧電漿作用之效果........... 57 4.1.3.1 氧電漿作用時間長短的影響.......... 57 4.1.3.2 氧氣流量大小的影響............. 57 4.1.4 無觸媒成長.................. 58 4.2 結構分析..................... 59 4.2.1穿透式電子顯微鏡................ 59 4.2.2 X射線結晶繞射分析............... 60 4.3 性質量測(陰極發光)................ 60 第五章 結論...................... 86 第六章 未來展望.................... 87 第七章 參考文獻.................... 88

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