本研究旨在探索台灣共同語中成語的詞彙訊息結構。由詞彙語意學的角度著手分析，比較了三類成語的概念結構、論旨結構以及句法結構的互動；主要討論的成語類型是動賓格式，這類語法格式可藉由兩個組件(動+名)的銜接蘊涵了特定的成語事件，例如「吃豆腐」由一個動詞成份(吃)及一個名詞成分(豆腐)組成；然而吃豆腐的成語義(輕薄他人)，未經內化，則無法從語式的組件中推導出。
我們在研究中探討了幾個問題：成語與詞彙的分野為何？成語中組件與組件間的關係是緊密相繫或尚可分解？成語元素的指涉概念是否表現在由心智範疇映射到語法層次的過程中？概念模式如何由成語格式表達？格式成語的訊息結構是否整合了各層面的語法資訊，例如語意、句法、語用的信息？對於這些問題的了解，將有助於我們掌握成語如何反映出語言的「任意性、約定性」本質。
本研究的構成如下：在第一章中，我們回顧了過往學者對於成語的研究，同時簡要提及本文的組成。第二章中，我們概括性的針對重要的背景理論做粗略介紹；例如概念結構、題元關係、框架語意學、格式語法等。第三章中我們分析了成語的詞彙組成作為進一步分析語意及言談功能互動的基礎。本研究討論的成語可分為三個範疇，根據概念事件裡參與者角色的數目不同，由僅有一個參與者到共有三方的事件關係人。以代表性的成語為例，分別討論露馬腳（洩漏秘密)、吃豆腐（調戲異性）、戴綠帽（配偶紅杏出牆）。根據成語間不等的成語性，加以比較其字面義與成語義，我們便可以分辨參與者的題元角色在不同的概念結構裡的區別。第四章是本研究的核心之一。我們在此章中討論了成語的論元結構及其格式模板。成語語串是語言社會事件詞彙化後的凝鍊，便於言談中追溯複雜的事件場景。我們並從語料庫中擷取了收錄於自然語境的例句來佐證本研究的論點。
第五章中，我們檢驗了格式成語與台灣共同語中其他格式的搭配性；我們共嘗試四種格式的匹配可能：領屬式、被動式、雙賓式與兼語式。研究發現各個格式間配搭的有限性，可以由語法格式自有的成語性來決定。第六章中，我們討論了成語格式除了指涉到一個優先明顯的意義之外，同時也存有語意延伸的現象；例如「戴綠帽」典型的成語義原是「配偶出軌」，現在也可表示特定的傾向屬性。成語「戴帽子」的原型意義是對他人做不實的評論，透過成語性帽子（如高帽子、大帽子）隱喻各種特定的不當評價是語言文化裡固有共用的心智概念。根據這些成語性帽子彼此間的家族相似性，我們可以設定一個「帽子家族」；經由同一個概念模式：「頂冠者的身分表現於所穿戴的首服」來規模性製造不同樣式的成語。第七章總結了本研究的論點與發現，我們除了論證成語是語言中的獨立結構式，同時檢驗了成語與其成份的語法屬性並不衝突；雖然成語的語意是由整個格式的結構映射而得，例如動詞成份進入成語的自由度即受到格式意義的侷限；但成語的論元結構並不需要有別於動詞成份的額外設定，同時成語語式在許多語境中可做成語義釋義也可做字面義釋義的雙重解釋性，也表示出成語仍允許語義的相加組合，而非全然不可預測；我們的研究成果顯示格式的成語性尚可進一步分解。

This study examines the constructional idioms in Chinese within the framework of lexical semantics. In general, there are various ways in which Chinese conceptualizes an event involving two lexical entities. A typical example is chi doufu, a certain V+O set of the verbal ‘eat’ and nominal element ‘beancurd’. The idiomatic interpretation of the idiom ‘came on to’ is not deducible from its component parts.
The major questions we attempt to answer are: What are the characters of idioms in language? What is the relationship between the constituents of an idiom? How do they reflect on the mapping that lies within the domain of mental among the multi-layers of grammar? How are they associated with conceptual schema? Do their information structures bear any kind of information, e.g., the semantic, syntactic and pragmatic properties? Our goal is to accomplish the tasks for which the idiomatic meaning of an idiom is being constructed in the lexical semantic structure.
The organization of this thesis is as follows. Chapter I gives a brief introduction to previous studies of idiomatic expressions and an overview of the thesis. Chapter II presents the theoretical background. Chapter III analyzes lexical boundaries of idioms in order to further the interaction between combinations of semantic (or discourse) functions. The idioms under discussion are classified into three categories, namely, lou majiao ‘to betray the pot to the roses’, chi doufu ‘to take liberties with’ and dai lumao ‘being a cuckold husband’. We address their conceptual structures and thematic relations by setting out the basis of the idiosyncratic information of their meanings. Chapter IV is the kernel core of the thesis: it deals with the specification of argument structure and constructional template of idiom chunks of events in a given society, involving participants that include the communicator and the addressee. We primarily extract authentic data from corpora to validate the proposal suggested here.
Chapter V lays out the compatibility between idioms and four other Chinese constructions: the genitive construction, the passive construction, the ditransitive and pivotal constructions. Chapter VI elucidates the semantic extension in idioms from the literal sense to idiomatic meaning with two cognitive mechanisms: metaphor and metonymy. For example, the central or prototypical reading of the idiom dai maozi ‘to wear hat’ is ‘to put a label on’. We assume here the metaphor as IDENTITY IS HAT. It is taken as a source of insight into personal status of common judgments in the culture. We show that most of the intertwined network can be explained by the account of family resemblance. Lastly, Chapter VII concludes that our purpose is to make considerable claims about the degree of idiomaticity. After all, it should be clear from this investigation that we are in need to take idioms as constellations of semantic roles since we aim to understand more fully the coverage of linguistic universals.

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