本研究的目的是在探討業餘馬拉松跑者及業餘短跑者是否存在明顯的足形特徵差異。研究中使用在2009年所完成3D足形計測資料庫，這些受試者是自由徵招的。在人體計測資料庫中篩選出18到60歲男性的民眾，總共獲得41位業餘短跑者，46位業餘馬拉松跑者及746位無運動習慣者。以無運動習慣者作為對照組，分別分析業餘短跑者與無運動習慣者的足形差異及業餘馬拉松跑與無運動習慣者的足形差異。此外，也對業餘短跑者與業餘馬拉松跑進行足部形態差異分析。
足形分析方面，首先進行獨立樣本t-test 以了解兩群組間，經由兩群組的顯著不同的項目，來獲得跑者的足部特徵。當單腳顯著則進行成對樣本t-test以觀察單腳顯著是否因群組本身左右腳的差異所致。另外，檢定相對於足長的足形參數(relative to foot length，%FL)，以獲得去除足長的影響效應的足部形態。
本研究結果顯示，業餘馬拉松跑者有比短跑較短足趾長足拇指長、足長及前足底板(絕對尺寸及相對於足長)，業餘馬拉松跑者擁有比較大的趾圍%FL、踵寬%FL和足寬%FL。相反的，業餘短跑者有較長的足趾長、足拇指長、較長的前足底板以及窄的足踵寬度(絕對尺寸及相對於足長)。使用羅吉斯迴歸預測跑者類型，同時也成功建立線性迴歸分析評估身高。
本研究的結論是業餘長跑及短跑者分別與專業長跑及短跑者有近似足形的特性，並業餘馬拉松跑者與業餘短跑者有不同的足形。在應用方面:業餘馬拉松跑者設計鞋楦時須留意較寬的足寬及踵寬及較高的足弓深度。本研究結果後續值得進一步研究並應用於開發跑鞋。

The purpose of this study was to explore whether there is a significant difference in foot morphology between recreational marathoners and recreational sprinters. The study used the 3D foot anthropometric database completed in 2009, and these subjects were freely recruited. The subjects of 18 to 60-year-old men were screened from the database, and a total of 41 recreational sprinters, 46 recreational marathoners, and 746 non-habitual exercisers were obtained. With non-habitual exercisers as a control group, it was compared with recreational sprinters and recreational marathoners.
For foot shape analysis, an independent t-test was performed to understand the two groups, and to obtain the runner's foot morphology through the significantly different items of the two groups. When the single foot was significant, paired t-test was conducted to observe whether the significant difference is due to the difference between the left and right feet of the group itself. In addition, the foot dimension relative to the foot length was tested to obtain the foot morphology that removes the effect of foot length.
The results of this study showed that recreational marathoners had shorter toe lengths, foot lengths and forefoot plate (absolute, %FL) and recreational marathoners had larger ball girth circumference in %FL, heel breadth in %FL, and foot breadth in %FL. Recreational sprinters had longer toes, longer forefoot plate, and narrow heel breadth (absolute and %FL). The finding of this study indicated that recreational marathoners and sprinters have different foot shapes. The results of this research are worthy of further research and the findings can be applied to the development of running shoes.

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