本文以介電濕潤(EWOD: electrowetting on dielectric)技術為基礎，設計並製作共平面式電極的數位微流體操控晶片，加入微粒於液滴內，藉由觀察液滴內微粒的位置變化，以統計方法分析外加結構對流體現象的影響。
首先假設液滴流體現象之流體可逆性與液滴來回移動的相關係數成正比，並假設外加圓柱結構會影響流體可逆性。為了驗證假設，本研究發展出一套運用機率統計、線性代數以量化、描述並分析液滴內微粒位置分布的方法，微粒位置分布(PPS: Particles position distribution)分析法。接著利用微粒位置分布分析法統計微粒位置變化的情形，將微粒位置機率分布做成轉換矩陣，以系統的架構去描述不同初始條件下，微粒位置分布的結果，並以相關係數量化、比較其結果並分析。最後以假設檢定驗證統計假設及微粒位置分布分析法。
本研究由實驗結果得知，液滴來回移動的微粒位置分布之相關係數與流體可逆性成正比。並利用統計方法發展出一套可量化分析微粒位置分布(PPS)的分析方法。從實驗結果與分析方法中得知，外加結構會使得液滴來回移動的微粒位置分布之相關係數下降，因此外加圓柱結構於介電濕潤晶片會降低液滴的流體可逆性。

This study reports that designing and fabricating digital micro-fluidic control system by using electro-wetting on dielectric actuations on coplanar electrodes with no cover plate, and joins particles in the droplet to observe particle position variation, which can be used to probe into “influence of fluidic phenomena in droplets by additional structures” by statistical method analysis.
First supposes the correlation coefficient that droplet back and forth moves, and the fluid reversibility have the direct ratio, and additional structures affect fluid reversibility. In order to confirm the supposition, this research develops one set method, Particles position distribution, uses probability statistics, linear algebra to describes and quantitative analyze position distribution of particles in the droplet. Uses the Particle position distribution analytic method statistics particle position variation in addition the situation, makes the particle position probability distribution the transformation matrix, describes under the different initial condition by the system overhead construction the particle position distribution result, and analysis result and it’s the correlation coefficient.
This research knew by the experimental result, the correlation coefficient that droplet back and forth moves, and the fluid reversibility have the direct ratio. And utilize statistical method to develop one set method to describes and quantitative analyze position distribution of particles in the droplet; learn from the experiment and analytical method, additional structure will reduce flow reversibly of droplet.

參考文獻
[1] W. J. J. Welters and L. G. J. Fokkink, "Fast electrically switchable capillary effects," Langmuir, vol. 14, pp. 1535-1538, 1998.
[2] J. Lee, H. Moon, J. Fowler, T. Schoellhammer, and C.-J. Kim, "Electrowetting and electrowetting-on-dielectric for microscale liquid handing," Sensors and Actuators A, vol. 95, pp. 259-268, 2002.
[3] S. K. Cho, H. Moon, and C.-J. Kim, "Creating, Transporting, Cutting and Merging Liquid Droplets by Electrowetting-Based Actuation for Digital Microfluidic Circuits," Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems, vol. 12, pp. 70-80, 2003.
[4] U.-C. Yi and C.-J. Kim, "Soft printing of droplets pre-metered by electrowetting," Sensors and Actuators A: Physical, vol. 114, pp. 347-354, 2004.
[5] U.-C. Yi and C.-J. Kim, "EWOD ACTUATION WITH ELECTRODE-FREE COVER PLATE," presented at TRANSDUCERS' 05: The 13th International Conference on Solid-State Sensors, Actuators and Microsystems, Scoul, Korea, 2005.
[6] T.-T. Wang, P.-W. Huang, and S.-K. Fan, "DROPLETS OSCILLATION AND CONTINUOUS PUMPING BY ASYMMETRIC ELETROWETTING," presented at IEEE 19th International Conference on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems 2006.
[7] A. A. Huseyin Akilli, Cuma Karakus, "Flow characteristics of circular cylinders arranged side-by-side in shallow water," Flow Measurement and Instrumentation, vol. 15, pp. 187-197, 2004.
[8] J. Fowler, H. Moon, and C.-J. Kim, "ENHANCEMENT OF MIXING BY DROPLET-BASED MICROFLUIDICS," presented at IEEE 15th International Conference on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems, 2002.
[9] P. Paik, V. K. Pamula, M. G. Pollack, and R. B. Fair, "Electrowetting-based droplet mixer for microfluidic systems," Lab on a Chip, vol. 3, pp. 28-33, 2003.
[10] Andserson, Sweeney, and Williams, "Statistics for Business and Economics," 9th ed. South Western: Thomson, 2005.
[11] 王文中, "統計學與Excel資料分析之實習應用," 5 ed: 博碩文化, 2004.
[12] 沈明來, "實驗設計學," 2 ed: 九州圖書文物有限公司, 1999.