基於雲端運算之即時影音串流轉碼服務平台之研製

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研究生：	陳嘉祥 Chen, Chia-Hsiang
論文名稱：	基於雲端運算之即時影音串流轉碼服務平台之研製 Design and Implementation of Cloud-based Real-Time RTMP/RTSP Streaming Transcoder Service Platform
指導教授：	黃能富 Huang, Nen-Fu
口試委員:	李維聰陳懷恩黃能富
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	電機資訊學院 - 資訊工程學系 Computer Science
論文出版年：	2011
畢業學年度：	99
語文別：	英文
論文頁數：	52
中文關鍵詞：	cloud computing 、transcoder 、rtmp 、rtsp
相關次數：	點閱：2 下載：0
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With the progress of network, multimedia applications are widely used in daily life. It is very convenient to use those multimedia applications. However there are still some problems we have to face. One of the problems is that distinct media services deliver media streaming based on different kinds of streaming protocols and codecs. And handheld devices may not support some protocols such as real time message protocol (RTMP) which is not supported by iPhone and iPad. In order to solve this problem, we design and implement a cloud-based real-time RTMP/RTSP streaming transcoder service platform. The system provides the service of changing real-time streaming protocols and codecs. And by utilizing virtual machines in cloud the scale of platform is not constrained by machine size. In addition, we also can control lots of virtual machines dynamically and efficiently. As the request of transcoding service grows up, it is almost impossible to control virtual machines manually. Hence, we design the auto-scaling algorithm to make machine manage machines come true. Besides, it also optimizes the cost of running the transcoder service platform. Thus with the proposed methods, in this thesis, we implement a transcoder service platform to play a role of bridge for heterogeneous media streaming.

隨著網際網路科技的發展，網路上許多多媒體影音應用軟體逐漸廣泛的應用在日常生活當中。使用這些軟體不只促進我們生活的便利同時也讓這些產品融入了我們的生活。但在這之中依然存在一些問題需要我們去解決。由不同家公司開發出來的多媒體伺服器使用的網路串流通訊協議以及影音編碼會不盡相同，而且有些網路串流通訊協議以及影音編碼手持式裝置並不支援。例如iPhone 和iPad 並不支援及時訊息協議(RTMP)。為了解決此類型問題建立起溝通的橋梁，我們設計實現了基於雲端運算之即時影音串流轉碼服務平台。此系統提供了及時影音串流的轉換通訊協議以及轉換影音編碼的服務。而且我們還利用雲端上的虛擬機器來建構我們的服務平台，如此一來系統規模將不會受到機器大小的限制隨時都可以加以擴充。除此之外，我們還可以隨意開關雲端上的大量虛擬機器，在需要的時候開啟，在不需要時就可以關閉減少浪費。隨著轉碼服務的需求增加，龐大的機器數量將不可能經由人工的方式進行操控，於是我們設計了一個自動調整系統規模的演算法。此方法實現了由機器管理機器的目標。除了自動管理之外，此系統還會針對租賃虛擬機器的花費做最佳化處理。透過上面所提到的方法，我們在這篇論文中提出並實現了一個扮演異質多媒體串流溝通橋梁的轉碼服務平台。

Chapter 1 Introduction ............................................................................................... 1
Chapter 2 Related Work ............................................................................................. 6
1 Cloud Computing ................................................................................... 6
1.1 Cloud Computing Service .................................................................. 7
1.2 Cloud Computing Provider ................................................................. 7
1.3 Auto-scaling Management .................................................................. 9
2 Streaming protocol ................................................................................. 9
2.1 Open Source Project ........................................................................... 9
2.2 Commercial System ......................................................................... 10
Chapter 3 System Architecture ................................................................................ 12
1 Virtual Machine Management Server ................................................... 13
1.1 Virtual Machine Manager ......................................................... 14
1.2 Auto-scaling Algorithm ............................................................ 18
1.3 Transcoder Dispatching Problem .............................................. 23
1.4 Reservation Mechanism ............................................................ 29
1.5 System Management................................................................. 30
2 Virtual Machine Agent ............................................................................... 30
2.1 Transcoder executer .................................................................. 31
2.2 FFmpeg .................................................................................... 32
2.3 Wowza ..................................................................................... 33
2.4 Audio packets for RTMP media streaming ................................ 33
3 Communication Protocols .................................................................... 34
3.1 Agent Client Registration Protocol ........................................... 34
3.2 Request Join Protocol ............................................................... 35
3.3 Status Communication Protocol ................................................ 38
4 Operation flow of the transcoding service platform .................................... 39
Chapter 4 System Implementation and Experimental Results ................................... 42
1 Experimental Environments ....................................................................... 42
2 Experimental Results ................................................................................. 44
2.1 Launch latency ......................................................................... 44
2.2 End-to-end delay ...................................................................... 45
2.3 Utilization rate and Average Response Time .................................... 46
Chapter 5 Conclusions ............................................................................................. 48
References .............................................................................................................50

                                

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