近年來，國內發生醫療事故的情況層出不窮，病人視醫療服務為自身的權利，造成現今醫病雙方關係又產生新的變化。有鑑於此，自2001年起，為了降低風險及預先建立起管制方法以防止事故發生，美國醫療機構評鑑聯合會要求醫療照護單位每年至少選擇一項高風險醫療流程，執行預防性的風險評估分析作業。
就我們所知，「事前預防勝於事後偵錯」，且醫療照護失效模式與效應分析是美國醫療機構評鑑聯合會支持醫界運用的分析評估方法。基於此概念，發展出以醫療照護失效模式與效應分析作為改善方法，藉由跨部門小組使用流程圖、危害評估矩陣和醫療照護失效模式與效應分析決策樹，以辨識及評估流程中潛在之失效點。本研究於醫療照護失效模式與效應分析決策樹之第五步驟將失效模式分類三種行動型態後，再將各失效模式分類出四大類型。並經由此分類，提供跨部門小組成員在最後可更加有效地提出適切的改善行動方案。
本研究以台灣某醫院為研究對象，並針對各流程給予建議行動以供改善參考。此外，於四大分類之結果，相較於不同流程上有著不同的結果表現，除了針對人為因素的加強輔導之外，更強調管理體制的強化及改良，做為風險的預防對策。因此在各流程之改善行動建議上也提供此一方向作為研究之參考。

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